2010 국회직 8급 영어 문제 해설

영어정답(2017-09-16 / 372.6KB / 1,189회)

2010 국회직 8급 영어 해설 강수정 (2017-09-16 / 364.2KB / 1,443회)

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2010년도 제8회 8급시험 2교시 영 어 책형 가 - 1 - 영 어 문 1. Which of the following best fits the blank? A cross- group of ministers and church members brings services to those not likely to find their way into a traditional house of worship. ① denominational ② partisan ③ pious ④ raucous ⑤ protocol 문 2. Choose the answer that is closest in meaning to the underlined word. Sometimes using desiccated garlic is more convenient when cooking at home. ① stripped ② soaked ③ dry ④ chopped ⑤ sliced 문 3. Which of the following best completes the blanks (A) and (B)? NASA has been in limbo as the Obama administration has (A) to cancel Constellation while Congress mandated that work continue on the program until it agreed otherwise. In Congress, there has been a (B) of divergent opinions. Some members wanted to continue Constellation. Others have pushed for extending operations of the space shuttles, now scheduled to be retired next year. (A) (B) ① haggled ― euphony ② hampered ― heterodox ③ maneuvered ― cacophony ④ squabbled ― concord ⑤ managed ― orthodox 문 4. Choose the answer that best completes the sentence. If the Titanic had hit the iceberg head on, its water - tight compartments might have saved it from (A) , but it swerved to avoid the iceberg, and in the collision so many compartments were opened to the sea that disaster was (B) . (A) (B) ① foundering ― inevitable ② sinking ― formidable ③ damnifying ― inadvertent ④ drowning ― unavoidable ⑤ collapsing ― averted 문 5. Which of the following best completes the blanks (A) and (B)? The efforts to shape the bill demonstrate how much is (A) stake in California and many other states with distressed real estate markets. Although many civilian and military leaders were apprehended and brought to justice in the years after the war, many more suspected of Nazi-era war crimes remained (B) large. (A) (B) (A) (B) ① in - within ② at - by ③ at - at ④ on - at ⑤ on - by 문 6. Which of the following is not grammatically correct? ① Had the Korean team made it to the quarter final, the whole nation would have gone wild. ② If I had a time machine, I would choose to travel Joseon in the early 18th century. ③ If a war were to break out in the Korean Peninsula, the U.S. and China would immediately join. ④ The two political leaders had a meeting yesterday as if they were enemies for a long time. ⑤ Imagine you lived in North Korea, not in South Korea. Please, don’t complain about your meal! 2010년도 제8회 8급시험 2교시 영 어 책형 가 - 2 - ※ Choose the underlined part that is not grammatically correct. (7 ～ 8) 문 7. The particular dialect of English, ‘Apache English’ used on the reservation, ① is considered substandard and wrong by many educators on the reservation. They ②attribute their differences from standard ‘textbook’ English to an inability of the children to distinguish between Apache and English, ③ therefore mixing them up, since they ④ are unable to speak either one. They did not understand ⑤ that the ‘other language’ their Apache students speak was indeed a dialect of English. 문 8. ①Envisioned by Franklin D. Roosevelt as a ‘world moderator’, the Secretary General is defined in the UN Charter as the organization’s ‘chief administrative officer’, but the Charter also states that the Secretary General can ② bring to the Security Council’s attention “any matter which in his opinion may threaten the maintenance of international peace and security”, ③ giving the position greater scope for action on the world stage. The position ④ has evolved into a dual role of an administrator of the UN organization, and a diplomat and mediator addressing disputes between member states and ⑤ finds consensus on global issues. 문 9. Choose the sentence that is grammatically correct. ① After driving for seven straight hours, all of the towns began to look the same. ② Bored by the tedious speech, the people in the audience drifted away. ③ Citizen Kane, whose movie directed and acted by Orson Welles, is regarded as a classic. ④ Each of the seven weekdays have a mythological origin, several from Norse mythology. ⑤ The books destroying in the fire were all rare first editions. 문 10. Which of the following best fits the blank? Despite the fact that many Koreans spend time and money to improve their English proficiency, the sad news is that the majority of them cannot succeed in speaking excellent English they have grown up and spent a substantial period of time in English-speaking countries when they are young. But there also exist a great number of exceptional individuals who overcome the impossibility. ① if ② but ③ although ④ since ⑤ unless 문 11. Which of the following is a correct statement? Metropolitan mayoral election winners Metropolitan cities # Candidate Party Votes Percentage Seoul 1 Oh Se-hoon Grand National 2,059,715 47.43% Gwangju 2 Gang Un-tae Democratic 297,003 56.73% Daegu 1 Kim Bum-il Grand National 633,118 72.92% Daejeon 3 Yum Hong-cheol Liberty Forward 276,122 46.67% Busan 1 Heo Nam-sik Grand National 770,507 55.42% Ulsan 1 Park Maeng-woo Grand National 279,421 61.26% Incheon 2 Song Young-kil Democratic 556,902 52.69% ① Those mayors who did not win a majority are from Seoul, Daejeon, Busan and Ulsan. ② Mayor Oh from the Grand National Party earned over two million votes, but the percentage is the lowest. ③ All the mayors from the Grand National Party as well as the Democratic Party won a majority. ④ Only one mayor from the Liberty Forward Party won the metropolitan mayoral election. ⑤ Mayor Kim marks the highest percentage, but he earned the lowest number of votes. 문 12. Which of the following is a correct statement? Finance / Administration Section Chief Recruitment Unit Leader Cost Unit Leader Time Unit Leader Procurement Unit Leader Time & Leave Clerk Accounting Clerk Payroll Specialist Compensation / Claims Unit Leader ① Under Section Chief, there are four Unit Leaders and three subordinate sections in the organization. ② Section Chief administers all Unit Leaders, and Time Unit Leader and Cost Unit Leader have subordinate sections. ③ Accounting Clerk is in a higher position than Time & Leave Clerk and Payroll Specialist in the organization. ④ Time & Leave Clerk and Payroll Specialist receive orders from Time Unit Leader. ⑤ Other Unit Leaders should get permission from Time Unit Leader to contact Accounting Clerk. 2010년도 제8회 8급시험 2교시 영 어 책형 가 - 3 - 문 13. Which of the following best completes the blanks (A) and (B)? The Korean War was a result of the political division of Korea by agreement of the victorious Allies at the conclusion of the Pacific War. In 1945, following the surrender of Japan, American administrators (A) the peninsula along the 38th parallel which increasingly became a political border between the two Koreas. Although reunification talks continued in the months (B) the war, tension deepened, and North Korean forces invaded South Korea on June 25th, 1950. It was the first significant armed conflict of the Cold War. (A) (B) ① ruled ― facing ② shared ― foregoing ③ divided ― preceding ④ marched ― starting ⑤ separated ― following 문 14. Which of the following best completes the blank? The function of a historian is not merely to describe the facts, but to explain them. In other words, he cannot cut off the ideal from the actual and, reserving the actual for his own province, entrust the ideal to the . He must himself philosophize, or be unfaithful to his vocation as a historian. For ideals, though transcending the bounds of men’s achievement, belong to the same world of reality; and the facts are not the facts without them. ① philosopher ② scholar ③ propagandist ④ actualist ⑤ forerunner 문 15. Choose the answer that best completes the blank. The distinguishing mark of anthropology among the social sciences is that it includes for serious study other societies than our own. For its purposes any social regulation of mating and reproduction is as significant as our own, though it may be that of the Sea Dyaks, and have no possible historical relation to that of our civilization. To the anthropologist, our customs and those of a New Guinea tribe are two possible social schemes for dealing with a common problem, and he remains an anthropologist he is bound to avoid any weighting of one in favor of the other. ① whatsoever ② in so far as ③ the fact that ④ in spite of the fact that ⑤ additionally 문 16. Choose the one which makes an inappropriate inference. We played dodgeball at recess. Dodgeball was my sport. I was light and quick and often managed to escape being picked off until I was the last of my team inside the circle, the winner of the round. My friend was usually my competition. One day I kidded him too sharply when he lost and I won. He gathered a knot of classmates afterward, the girl I dreamed about among them. They strolled over and surrounded me. They were smiling and I thought they were friendly; it didn’t occur to me to dodge. The boys grabbed me. My friend led them. “You stink,” he told me happily. “We think you’re dirty. We want to see.” They jerked down the straps on my bib overalls, held my arms high, peeled off my ragged shirt. They exposed my filth, my black armpits, my dirty neck for everyone to see. The faces of those children, the girl well forward among them, filled with horror perverted with glee. I went the only way I could go, down, dropping to the asphalt of the playground. They formed a circle around me, laughing and pointing. I couldn’t get away. I covered my head and drew up my knees. I knew how to make myself invisible. I’d learned to make myself invisible when my stepmother attacked. It worked because I couldn’t see her even if she could still see me. I made myself invisible. They couldn’t hear me crying. ① The event took place when the author was a schoolboy. ② The author’s friend meant to embarrass him. ③ The author probably wasn’t very well cared for at home. ④ The author happened to be unusually dirty that day. ⑤ The author’s stepmother abused him. 문 17. Which of the following best completes the blank? There is a story about a schoolboy who was asked what he thought God was like. He replied that, as far as he could make out, God was “The sort of person who is always snooping round to see if anyone is enjoying himself and then trying to stop it.” And I am afraid that is the sort of idea that the word morality raises in a good many people’s minds: something that interferes, something that stops you having a good time. In reality, moral rules are directions for running the human machine. Every moral rule is there to prevent a breakdown, or a strain, or a friction, in the running of that machine. That is why these rules at first seem to be constantly interfering with our . When you are being taught how to use any machine, the instructor keeps on saying, “No, don’t do it like that.” because, of course, there are all sorts of things that look all right and seem to you the natural way of treating the machine, but do not really work. ① natural inclinations ② religious beliefs ③ moral systems ④ human machines ⑤ ethical standards 2010년도 제8회 8급시험 2교시 영 어 책형 가 - 4 - ※ Read the following passage and answer the questions. (18 ～ 19) Studying the emergence of the novel is a little like reading one of those historical accounts of the emergence of the human species; all sorts of near-misses occur, dead-ends of development peter out, and then - miraculously - all the required ingredients come together and human beings come into being. And just as researchers are still arguing about ‘disputed ancestors’ of the human species, so too literary critics and historians are by no means in total agreement about who the ancestors of the novel are, or indeed, when the novel comes into existence. (The argument about when apes end and humans begin is paralleled by arguments about whether various forms of early narrative should or shouldn’t be described as ‘novels’.) There is, moreover, a running debate between those who see prose fiction as a ‘universal and ancient form with a continuous history’, and those who prefer to emphasize the distinctiveness of that which emerged in the early eighteenth century, and who speak of the novel as a new form which had its birth then. 문 18. The author is primarily concerned with . ① the literary denigration of novels ② the critical evaluations of the novels of the early 18th century ③ the comparisons of the emergence of novels and the human beings ④ different views on the birth of novels ⑤ the implications of the emergence of novels 문 19. Which of the following best expresses the relationship of the first sentence to the rest of the passage? ① Quotation from an authority followed by conflicting views ② Assertion followed by analysis ③ Objective statement followed by personal opinion ④ Challenge followed by specific instance ⑤ Analogy followed by specific instance ※ Read the following passage and answer the questions. (20 ～ 21) At night, schools of prey and predators are almost always spectacularly illuminated by the bioluminescence produced by the microscopic and larger plankton. The reason for the ubiquitous production of light by the microorganism of the sea remains obscure, and suggested explanations are controversial. It has been suggested that light is a kind of inadvertent by-product of life in transparent organisms. It has also been hypothesized that the emission of light on disturbance is advantageous to the plankton in making the predators of the plankton conspicuous to their predators. Unquestionably, it does act this way. Indeed, some fisheries base the detection of their prey on the bioluminescence that the fish excite. It is difficult, however, to defend the thesis that this effect was the direct factor in the original development of bioluminescence, since the effect was of no advantage to the individual microorganism that first developed it. 문 20. Which of the following is the primary topic of the passage? ① The origin of bioluminescence in plankton predators ② The advantages of bioluminescence to the plankton ③ The varieties of marine bioluminescence life forms ④ Symbiotic relationships between predators and their prey ⑤ Hypotheses on the causes of bioluminescence in plankton 문 21. The underlined word their refers to . ① the plankton ② the predators of the plankton ③ schools of prey ④ the ubiquitous production ⑤ the individual microorganism 2010년도 제8회 8급시험 2교시 영 어 책형 가 - 5 - 문 22. The author’s main purpose in the passage is . It is generally believed that much of modern Western thought has its origins in Greek philosophy. However, in the post-Roman Empire period, many important Greek works were destroyed. It was largely to the credit of the Islamic rulers of the 9th to 12th century that some of these works were recovered, translated, and analyzed. The Arab, Persian and Jewish scholars of the time built upon the knowledge they had gathered. Trade with China and India provided access to the knowledge developed in the Eastern societies for centuries. The scholars in the Middle East further created their own ideas and innovations. In a historical twist, their works were destroyed by Mongol invaders and others, but Western universities secured and preserved some of them. Therefore, critical and independent inquiry is needed to ascertain to what extent the evolution of knowledge is a result of cross-fertilization of ideas between people from different parts of the world. ① to track the origin of Greek philosophy ② to lament the destruction of modern Western thought ③ to illustrate the recovery processes of modern Western thought ④ to show how trade affected modern Western thought ⑤ to propose interactional nature of modern Western thought 문 23. Which of the following is the primary topic of the passage? News that the United States has seriously failed to achieve its goal of reducing high school smoking surprises me as there was such confidence a few years ago that we could convince kids of the dangers of smoking through education efforts. It’s a critical issue as a third of smokers who begin in high school will die of a tobacco - related causes. I am shocked to see teenage girls depending on smoking for weight control. For those of you who work with teens or whose own teens smoke, any ideas on how to combat this? I always think it is sad to visit high schools and see groups of teens hurried after school for smoking, as if they were waiting all day for it. ① The U.S. fights against teen smoking. ② Teens must stop smoking in school. ③ Teens die of smoking-related causes. ④ Teen smoking still continues in the U.S. ⑤ Almost all teens smoke in the U.S. 문 24. Which of the following is an incorrect statement? Samsung Electronics has launched a massive campaign to promote its brand-new smartphone, the Galaxy S, and obviously, a breakthrough in the U.S. market would be a precondition for global success. A mixed response from American consumers, however, appears to have the Korean technology giant equally motivated and worried. Samsung is the world’s No. 2 mobile phone vendor behind Nokia. But in the profitable market for smartphones, which provide larger margins than conventional handset phones, the company is falling behind. Samsung has been criticized for its lack of urgency in advancing its smartphone offerings, but in the Galaxy S, the company believes it finally has a device fascinating enough to compete with the iPhone 4, the latest version of Apple’s do - it - all smartphone. Yet, industry watchers believe Samsung needs more time to grow its smartphone reputation in the U.S. market dominated by iPhones and BlackBerries. ① The Galaxy S has been introduced in the U.S. market, but the success is not for sure. ② Nokia is the leading mobile phone company in the world, and Samsung follows the next. ③ Smartphones generate greater profits than other earlier types of mobile phones. ④ Samsung is confident that the Galaxy S can compete with iPhone 4 in the U.S. market. ⑤ Samsung’s smartphone reputation is as well-recognized as iPhones and BlackBerries in the U.S. market. 문 25. Which of the following best completes the blanks (A) and (B)? Americans treasure free speech and expression. People’s right to share their ideas is protected by the First Amendment. The amendment is one of 10 in the Bill of Rights, added to the Constitution in 1791. Lawmakers of the day passed the Bill of Rights because they believed that some key freedoms, including speech protection, should be part of the Constitution. (A) , First Amendment experts say that the right to speak freely comes with an unwritten requirement to act responsibly. “Many Americans have an overdeveloped sense of rights and an underdeveloped sense of responsibility,” says Sam Chaltain, coordinator of the First Amendment Schools project. “Our rights are spelled out in the First Amendment. (B) , the amendment will work only if we guard the rights of those with whom we disagree.” (A) (B) ① However ― Therefore ② However ― However ③ Therefore ― However ④ Therefore ― For example ⑤ Nevertheless ― For example