2008 국회직 8급 영어 문제 해설

영어정답(2017-09-16 / 323.9KB / 906회)

2008 국회직 8급 영어 해설 강수정 (2017-09-16 / 315.1KB / 840회)

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2008년도 제6회 8급 공개경쟁채용시험 영 어 책형 가 - 7 - 영 어 ※ Choose the answer that is closest in meaning to the underlined part.(1～4) 문 1. From the moment he set up the shop on Avenue K, Stanley Kaplan was a pariah in the educational world. ① an outcast ② a king ③ an expert ④ a novice ⑤ a creator 문 2. I think it a less evil that some criminals should escape than that the government should play an ignoble part. ① a laudable ② an admirable ③ an illegal ④ an ignorant ⑤ a shameful 문 3. For the last two years, we have had to get along on a shoestring. ① by ourselves ② in time of need ③ with very limited funds ④ without help from anyone ⑤ with the cooperation of others 문 4. Many men who spend their working life in the city devote their weekends to voluntary and unremunerative toil in their gardens, and when the spring comes they experience all the joys of having created beauty. ① profitable ② valuable ③ important ④ useless ⑤ unpaid ※ Choose the answer that best completes the sentence(s).(5～9) 문 5. A handful of scientists are picking apart infants' utterances and finding that not only is there an ordered sequence of vocal stages between birth and first words, but in hearing-impaired babies a type of babbling thought to signal an emerging capacity for speech is _______. ① prompted ② emitted ③ distorted ④ conferred ⑤ fortified 문 6. The Los Angeles riot of 1992 was arguably the worst race riot the nation had ever experienced. Over three days of rioting, over 50 people were killed and thousands more were injured. By the time the fires were put out, 8,000 buildings had been destroyed or damaged by fire, (A)_______ over $1 billion in property damage. As the smoke cleared, Americans were left (B)_______ and wondering what had just happened. (A) (B) ① amount to dazing ② accounting for to daze ③ amounting to dazed ④ which accounts for dazing ⑤ that amounts to dazed 문 7. The tradition-directed person takes his signals from others, but they come in a cultural monotone; he needs no _______ receiving equipment to pick them up. ① erudite ② insignificant ③ complicated ④ exorbitant ⑤ irradiant 문 8. Tax rates usually need to be raised. One would like at the same time to improve the distribution of income in the country, or at any rate not worsen it. Moreover, People's incomes provide the primary incentive to greater effort and output. If this incentive is too much reduced through taxation, the whole effort to raise output may ________. ① continue ② falter ③ intensify ④ be boosted ⑤ flourish 문 9. A good way of ridding yourself of certain kinds of dogmatism is ____________________ opinions held in social circles different from your own. ① to be opposed to ② to be distanced from ③ to stand clear of ④ to become aware of ⑤ to become suspicious of 2008년도 제6회 8급 공개경쟁채용시험 영 어 책형 가 - 8 - 문 10. Choose the underlined part that is not grammatically correct. The first successful British colony, at Jamestown on Chesapeake Bay in Virginia, ① was not founded until 1607. The first settlers ② relied on suppliers from England and depended on the Indians ③ to teach them how to survive. Not until ④ they began cultivating tobacco for sale abroad ⑤ they could finance their activities and develop their country. 문 11. Choose the sentence that is not grammatically correct. ① Who do you think is the most smart student in this class? ② How come you are so late? ③ Hardly had the game begun, when it started raining. ④ The next time I will go to New York, I am going to see a ballet. ⑤ Temporary jobs decreased by 108,000, pulling down overall employment. 문 12. Choose the best translation of the following sentence. 그는 시간관념이 정확해서, 어떤 모임에도 10분 일찍 참석 한다. ① As he has an exact concept of time, he takes part in all meeting ten minutes early than schedule. ② As he is an exact man, he attends any meeting ten minutes earlier at the appointed time. ③ As he is very punctual, he arrives at every meeting ten minutes earlier than schedule. ④ Because he is a punctual man, he participates in every meetings ten minutes before usual. ⑤ Because he has a punctual idea of time, he attends to any meetings ten minutes behind schedule. 문 13. Select the answer that best suits the context of the following passage. As its name suggests, ‘formalistic’ criticism has for its sole object the discovery and explanation of form in the literary work. This approach assumes the _________________ of the work itself and thus the relative unimportance of extraliterary considerations―the author's life; his times; sociological, political, economic, or psychological implications. ① background ② autonomy ③ reputation ④ advantage ⑤ history ※ Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow.(14～15) According to anthropologist Irving Hallowell, there is no evidence that humans have an inborn sense of time. A person's temporal concepts are probably determined largely by culture. One study showed that infants, after a few days of listening to speech around them, will move their heads and limbs in rhythm with the speech they hear. As children develop, they adapt more fully to their temporal culture. This temporal culture influences language, music, poetry and dance. It also affects relationships. We tend to (A)_________________________ people who share our sense of time. 문 14. What is the main idea of the passage? ① The innate quality of human nature for language ② The importance of cultural diversity in modern times ③ Arts and anthropological discoveries ④ Different cultural attitudes towards time ⑤ Interdisciplinary approaches to language education 문 15. Which of the following best fits into the blank (A)? ① take issue with ② take advantage of ③ put up with ④ get ahead of ⑤ get along well with 문 16. Where is the most appropriate spot for the following sentence? [It depends on such things as whether you are older or younger, a close friend or a relative stranger to the previous speaker, in a senior or junior position, and so on.] (A) A Japanese-style conversation is not at all like tennis or volleyball. It's like bowling. You wait for your turn. And you always know your place in line. (B) When your turn comes, you step up to the starting line with your bowling ball and carefully bowl it. Everyone else stands back and watches politely, murmuring encouragement. (C) Everyone waits until the ball has reached the end of the alley and watches to see if it knocks down all the pins, or only some of them, or none of them. There is a pause, while everyone registers your score. (D) Then, after everyone is sure that you have completely finished your turn, the next person in line steps up to the same starting line, with a different ball. (E) He doesn't return your ball, and he does not begin from where your ball stopped. And there is always a suitable pause between turns. There is no rush, no scramble for the ball. ① (A) ② (B) ③ (C) ④ (D) ⑤ (E) 2008년도 제6회 8급 공개경쟁채용시험 영 어 책형 가 - 9 - ※ Read the following passage and answer the questions.(17～18) On October 14, 1973, in one of the biggest tank battles in history, Israeli forces routed an invading Egyptian Army, destroying about two hundred and fifty tanks and losing just twenty-five. Two days later, the Israelis ― who had been aided by an American airlift of military supplies ― crossed over the Suez Canal and into Egypt. In retaliation, the Arab members of OPEC declared an oil embargo against the United States. Long gas lines became commonplace and the U.S. economy fell into a recession. In a nod to austerity, Richard Nixon decreed that the national Christmas tree would go unlit. Thirty years later, we can't see past that darkened tree. The embargo, which lasted only a few months, still shapes the way we think about the politics and economics of oil. Ever since, the spectre of Arab countries using oil as a political weapon has haunted discussions of the Middle East and the global petroleum market, and has kept U.S. policymakers obsessed with ‘energy security’ and with ‘energy independence’ from what has come to be known as ‘the axis of oil’. Fear of the oil weapon leads commentators to fret over how the Arab states will react to President Bush's ambitious plans for the Middle East, even as it inspires some advocates of those plans to declare that they will bring ‘new prosperity to us all, by securing the world's largest pool of oil’. 문 17. Choose the answer that is closest in meaning to the underlined austerity. ① economic difficulties ② threats by Arab states ③ the dilemma of U.S. policymakers ④ comments by U.S. journalists ⑤ the recovery of oil markets 문 18. Which of the following is not true according to the passage? ① In the popular imagination of American people, oil remains a political weapon. ② ‘An oil embargo’ means the ban on the oil export. ③ The attack of the U.S. Army against Egypt was the direct cause of the embargo. ④ ‘The axis of oil’ implies the power of the Middle East to control oil production. ⑤ A shortage of oil supply was the main cause of an economic recession in the mid-1970s of the U.S. ※ Read the following passage and answer the question. To keep clear of concealment, to keep clear of the need of concealment, to do nothing which one might not do out on the middle of Boston Common at noonday―I cannot say how more and more it seems to me the glory of a young person's life. It is an awful hour when the first necessity of hiding anything comes. The whole life is different thenceforth. When there are questions to be feared and eyes to be avoided and subjects which must not be touched, then the bloom of life is gone. Put off that day as long as possible. Put it off forever if you can. 문 19. Which of the following does the author recommend to his audience? ① To deny the necessity of aging ② To rationalize one's misconduct ③ To act in an aboveboard manner ④ The necessity of a placid life of postponement ⑤ To conduct themselves to feel the need to hide their deeds ※ Read the following passage and answer the questions.(20～21) It is a common misconception to regard innovation and tradition as diametrically opposed to each other. When innovation is valued as a defining characteristic of the creative process, tradition often becomes set up against it as inevitably static and unchanging. In this view, tradition inhibits, and is seen as an impediment to be overcome. We want to challenge this notion of tradition. As with convention in its primary negative sense, tradition shouldn't be taken as the antithesis of innovation. (A)______ seeing them as deeply divided, we want to consider tradition and innovative forms and practices as informing and supporting each other. It is only by thinking about their interrelationship that we can understand processes of creativity and cultural change. Creativity doesn't emerge out of a vacuum, (B)_____ builds on one or more existing cultural traditions. This is true of poetry, architecture, film-making, styles of singing and any number of other examples. (C)________________________________. Innovation should be understood by rejecting those approaches which set it separately against tradition and established cultural practice. 문 20. Which of the following best completes the blanks (A) and (B)? (A) (B) ① Rather than but ② In spite of so ③ Despite for ④ While for ⑤ After but 2008년도 제6회 8급 공개경쟁채용시험 영 어 책형 가 - 10 - 문 21. Which of the following sentences best fits into the blank (C)? ① This aspect of creativity's value is closely related to a sense of what is new for people. ② Changing ideas about creativity have thus become integrally wrapped up in the modern sense of individuality. ③ Imagination in creative practice has become the vital criterion of innovation. ④ This, in summary form, is the standard critical account of the production and consumption of cultural commodities. ⑤ In this sense creative talent requires a tradition so that it can learn how to go further within it, or beyond it. ※ Read the following passage and answer the questions.(22～23) The notion that we live in a global economy is now a commonplace. Supply chains extend halfway around the planet, and no respectable corporation would dare show its face without at least pretending to have a well-defined global strategy. The funny thing about the global economy, though, is how much of the globe has been left out of it. Four billion people still earn less than four dollars a day, and as far as the global economy is concerned they hardly exist―except, of course, as cheap labor. But perhaps it makes better sense for companies to see the poor as patrons worthy of their solicitations. Though developing nations don't have much money on a per capita basis, together they control enormous sums; the ten biggest developing countries have about fourteen trillion dollars in annual purchasing power. Most corporations assume that the world's poor are so preoccupied with getting by that they're indifferent to the allure of consumer goods or new technology, but the evidence suggests that poor consumers are (A)_________ to rich ones: they like to shop. 문 22. What is the main idea of the passage? ① Cheap labor is not assumed to be a target of global marketing. ② Poor people have no interest in high-end products. ③ The individual purchasing power is still low in the developing countries. ④ Big companies tend to have little interest in the low-end market. ⑤ Penny-wise and poor people can be a big opportunity for the global businesses. 문 23. Which of the following best fits into the blank (A) ? ① different ② impatient ③ inferior ④ similar ⑤ anxious ※ Read the following passage and answer the questions.(24～25) Mark Ishaya was a toddler in Baghdad when his father died and his mother abandoned the family. He was a child laborer in a Lebanese oil filter factory when Palestine Liberation Organization guerrillas massacred co-workers as he hid in a cabinet. Zdenka Bulic was 21 when she emigrated from Bosnia nine years ago, frustrated at the career roadblocks she faced as a Croat. David Nunez left his home in Mexico at the age of 16 in search of higher wages. All three have ended up in management jobs at the McDonald's restaurant on Peterson Avenue on Chicago's north side, overseeing the 50 other immigrants on a staff of 55. Their achievement testifies to the energy and talent of immigrants who use ‘burger flipping’ jobs that most Americans deride as dead ends to lift themselves to modest prosperity. Their success also reflects the effectiveness of systems that McDonald's Corp. and other fast-food chains have been forced to develop to integrate vast numbers of low-skilled workers into their work forces. Hourly pay for McDonald's crew members is typically only a bit higher than the $5.25 minimum wage, and fringe benefits are meager. Employees leave so frequently that this year McDonald's and its franchises, which employ more than 500,000 workers in the United States and Canada, will have to hire well over that number of new employees to stay fully staffed. But there is an upside to this upheaval. The leading fast-food chains have been forced to concentrate more than other businesses on designing their jobs and training programs with an eye toward quickly adapting large numbers of raw recruits. 문 24. The underlined word upheaval could be best replaced by ① advantage ② disruption ③ low salary ④ eye-opener ⑤ recruit 문 25. Which of the following is not true according to the passage? ① The success of Mark Ishaya, Zdenka Bulic, and David Nunez is due both to their abilities and to well-developed systems of employee training. ② Most Americans do not look upon part-time ‘burger flipping’ positions as satisfying jobs. ③ Some hard-working immigrants can reach managerial positions. ④ Native-born Americans rarely make up more than a handful of the employees at the Peterson Avenue McDonald's. ⑤ McDonald's has trouble keeping employees because the fringe benefits are bad although the hourly pay is good enough.