2012 법원직 9급 영어 문제 해설 - 2012.3.3.

영어정답(2017-09-30 / 920.9KB / 1,762회)

2012 법원직 9급 영어 해설 강수정 (2017-09-30 / 381.5KB / 1,924회)

2012 법원직 9급 영어 해설 심상대 (2017-09-30 / 404.3KB / 1,369회)

【 영어 25문 】 【문 1】다음 글을 읽고 주어진 문장의 빈칸에 가장 알맞은 것은? The idea of public works projects as a device to prevent or control depression was designed as a means of creating job opportunities for unemployed workers and as a "pump-priming" device to aid business to revive. By 1933, the number of unemployed worker had reached about 13 million. This meant that about 59 million people―about one-third of the nation―were without means of support. At first, direct relief in the form of cash or food was provided these people. This made them recipients of government charity. In order to remove this stigma and restore to the unemployed some measure of respectability and human dignity, a plan was devised to create governmentally sponsored work projects that private industry would not or could not provide. This would also stimulate production and revive business activity. ⇒ By using the expression "pump-priming" as a description of public works projects, the author implies that it ______________ . ① was useless ② lowered human dignity ③ was pouring money down the drain ④ provided business with initial impetus 【문 2】(A), (B), (C)의 각 괄호 속에서 어법에 맞는 표현으 로 가장 적절한 것은? Scientists, like other people, are always pleased to have their own ideas (A)[confirm / confirmed]. So I was gratified by a report which appeared in the August 1963 issue of the Journal of the British Astronomical Association. This report was written by the famous Soviet astronomer, Dr Nikolai Kozyrev, who several years ago discovered evidence in telescopic photographs to support the belief that some of the craters on the moon are sites of presently active volcanoes. When Dr. Kozyrev first published (B)[that / what] he thought he had seen on the moon, his interpretation was doubted by many astronomers in other lands. Subsequently, however, astronomers here have seen color changes (C)[which / where] they, too, believe are signs of continuing volcanic activity on the previously supposed dead body of the moon. (A) (B) (C) ① confirm that which ② confirmed what which ③ confirm that where ④ confirmed what where 【문 3】다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은? A scorpion wanted to pass the pond but it could not swim. Thus, it climbed on a frog’s back, and asked the frog to take it to the other side of the pond. The frog refused because the scorpion might sting him when he swims. The scorpion promised not to do so. Though the frog knew how vicious the scorpion was, it felt that its words were correct. When they swam in the middle of the pond, the scorpion suddenly stung the frog. The heavily wounded frog yelled out, “Why did you sting me? Stinging me is not useful for you totally” “I know.” the scorpion said, while sinking down. “But I’m a scorpion. I must sting you because this is my instinct.” As the saying goes: 　　　 　　　　　　　 　　　　　, everyone has their own advantages and disadvantages. Therefore, we should be aware of that changing one person is limited. What we need to do is try not to eliminate these drawbacks, but to reasonably use their advantages. ① one good turn deserves another ② friends and wines improve with age ③ the leopard cannot change its spots ④ drowning men catch at a straw 【문 4】다음 글을 쓴 사람의 심정으로 가장 적절한 것은? My clothes were drenched. Sweat flowed in torrents from my forehead, requiring constant mopping with a bandanna to keep my glasses from steaming up to the point where I couldn't see anything. Keeping my eyes riveted to the ground wasn't enough because there was plenty to watch out for overhead too. Vines yanked my hat off. Thorns ripped at my sleeves. Trees with trunks and limbs encased in three-inch spikes threatened to impale an eyeball in a moment of carelessness. Deadly pit vipers also lurked in the trees, camouflaged bright green. ① excited ② relieved ③ bored ④ frightened 【문 5】다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절 하지 않은 것은? Political power in Rome had traditionally rested with the aristocrats; now, it lay increasingly with the families of the new commercial class. The ①attainment of high political office became the main goal of these families because it meant prestige, power, and more wealth. Individuals ②captured office not so much on the strength of their political philosophy and policy but on the appeal of their personalities, charisma, and conquests. Rome began to be ③dominated by men who were self-seeking, larger-than-life figures who won the support of the masses through the distribution of free food, olive oil, and wine, and the sponsoring of public entertainment. ④Shortages that flowed to Rome from the fertile fields of its provinces overseas―Carthage, Sicily, Sardinia, and Numidia―allowed free distributions to the restless and unemployed urban proletariat. ① attainment ② captured ③ dominated ④ Shortages 영어 (5-1) / 1교시 ①책형 (전체 20-16) 【문 6】(A), (B), (C)의 각 괄호 안에서 문맥에 맞는 낱말로 가 장 적절한 것은? A group of British psychologists have recently shown that the youngest children in class are more (A)[sensible / sensitive] to stress at school than their older classmates. The study examined over 20,000 school children between the ages of five and twelve in England, and symptoms were evaluated by psychopathology questionnaires (B)[competed / completed] by parents, teachers, and 10-12 year old study participants. According to the study, the youngest in each group experienced more emotional and behavioral problems at school, and this effect was (C)[observed / preserved] throughout all the age groups in the study. (A) (B) (C) ① sensible competed observed ② sensible completed preserved ③ sensitive completed observed ④ sensitive competed preserved 【문 7】다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은? The railroad was the first institution to impose regularity on society, or to draw attention to the importance of precise timekeeping. For as long as merchants have set out their wares at daybreak and religious services have begun on the hour, people have been in rough agreement with their neighbors as to the time of day. The value of this tradition is today more apparent than ever. Were it not for public acceptance of a single yardstick of time, social life would be unbearably chaotic: the massive daily transfers of goods, services, and information would proceed in fits and starts; the very fabric of modern society would begin to unravel. ① The traditions of society are timeless. ② Certain activities have to be conducted in time. ③ Modern society judges people by the times they conduct certain activities. ④ People's agreement on the measurement of time is essential for the functioning of society. 【문 8】다음 글 맨 뒤에 the colonel이 느낄 심경으로 가장 알 맞은 것은? Having just moved into his new office, a pompous colonel was sitting at his desk when a private knocked on the door. Conscious of his new position, the colonel told the private to enter, then quickly picked up the phone and said, "Yes, General, I'll pass along your message. In the meantime, thank you for your good wishes, sir." Feeling as though he had sufficiently impressed the young enlisted man, he asked, "What do you want?" "Nothing important, sir," the private replied. "Just here to hook up your telephone, sir." ① proud ② satisfied ③ ashamed ④ indifferent 【문 9】다음 글의 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은? Fast food is everywhere. It’s available on the main corners of a busy street and in the luxury of your own home. Effects of fast food are quickly catching up with us. The nation has become a culture of fast food eating and on-the-go living, ultimately creating “fat” America. (A) , fast food has some advantages in the short term: people appreciate the fact that it’s fast and convenient. There is no other food that you can pick up and have ready at a moment’s notice. It involves no cooking, shopping, or dishwashing. In the end, you are saving an immense amount of time. (B) , there seems to be a direct link in America between obesity and fast food. A typical meal from a fast-food restaurant, say a serving of fries and cheeseburger, adds up to over 1,000 calories per serving. This is about half the recommended dietary allowance for an individual per day. (A) (B) ① However ………………………… As a result ② However ………………………… Nevertheless ③ In addition ……………………… As a result ④ In addition ……………………… Nevertheless 【문10】다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은? Here is one scene from the drama of the differences in men’s and women’s ways of talking. A woman and a man return home from work. She tells everything that happened during the day: what she did, whom she met, what they said, what that made her think. Then she turns to him and asks, “How was your day?” He says, “Same fierce struggle for existence!” She feels locked out: “You don’t tell me anything.” He protests, “Nothing happened at work.” They have different assumptions about . To her, telling life’s daily events and impressions means she’s not alone in the world. Such talk is the essence of intimacy― evidence that she and her partner are best friends. Since he never spent time talking in this way with his friends, best or otherwise, he doesn’t expect it, doesn’t know how to do it, and doesn’t miss it when it isn’t there. ① which things are similar ② what is anything to tell ③ whether the drama is real or not ④ which words are better for them 영어 (5-2) / 1교시 ①책형 (전체 20-17) 【문11】다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은? Given how little we know about our inner ecology, carpet-bombing it might not always be the best idea. “I would put it very bluntly,” Margulis told me. “When you advocate your soaps that say they kill all harmful bacteria, you are committing suicide.” The bacteria in the intestines can take up to four years to recover from a round of antibiotics, recent studies have found, and the steady attack of detergents, preservatives, and chemicals are also harmful. The immune system builds up fewer antibodies in a clean environment; the deadliest pathogens can grow more resistant to antibiotics. All of which may explain why a number of studies have found that children raised on farms are less likely to be influenced by allergies, asthma, and autoimmune diseases. It sometimes seems . * pathogen 병원균 ① people avoid an healthy lifestyle ② leading a rural life boost immunity ③ pollutants can trigger allergic effects ④ as we are cleaner, we get sicker 【문12】(A), (B), (C)의 각 괄호 안에서 문맥에 맞는 낱말로 가 장 적절한 것은? A tornado is a dark, funnel-shaped cloud made up of violently churning winds. A tornado's width can measure from a few feet to a mile, and its track can (A)[extend / contract] from less than a mile to several hundred miles. Tornados are most often caused by giant thunderstorms. These highly powerful storms form when warm, moist air along the ground rushes upward, meeting cooler, drier air. As the rising warm air cools, the moisture it carries (B) [condenses / condescends], forming a massive thundercloud. Winds at different levels of the atmosphere (C)[feed / thwart] the updraft and cause the formation of the tornado's characteristic funnel shape. (A) (B) (C) ① extend ……………… condenses ……………… feed ② extend ……………… condescends ……………… thwart ③ contract ……………… condenses ………………… feed ④ contract ……………… condescends ……………… thwart 【문13】다음 글의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은? It is crucial for parents to teach children that . Asians are particularly likely to believe that ability or intelligence is something you have to work for. Not surprisingly, Asian Americans work harder to achieve academic goals than European Americans. And Asians work harder after failure than after success—unlike North Americans of European descent who work harder after success than after failure. It is important to teach children that if at first you don't succeed, try again harder. ① intelligence is highly hereditary ② their intelligence is under their control ③ intelligent people are not always successful ④ success in life doesn't always guarantee happiness 【문14】다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은? The magnetic field is oddly prevalent in all kinds of animal orientation. Termites line up along its cardinal axes. Yellow eels also use the magnetic field. Homing pigeons, however, are more of a mystery. It was long thought that they, too, relied solely upon the magnetic field to find their way. In studies that disrupt the field, the pigeons’ path was thrown off. But after tracking pigeons with GPS satellites for ten years, researchers announced their findings: rather than using sun for directional bearings, it turns out that the pigeons use roads they’ve traveled in the past as a guide. Then, three years after this study, different scientists found that iron-containing structures within the birds’ beaks apparently also aid in their sense of direction. They might even have the ability to use atmospheric odors. * cardinal axes 기본 축 ① Homing Pigeons Follow Their Instinct ② Why Birds Migrate from Season to Season? ③ Constraints Birds Are Facing During Migration ④ Mysterious Sense of Direction of Homing Pigeons 【문15】다음 글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은? Most native English speakers don’t actually talk in correct English. What we usually consider correct English is a set of guidelines developed over time to help standardize written expression. This standardization is a matter of use and convenience. Suppose you went to a vegetable stand and asked for a pound of peppers and the storekeeper gave you a half pound but charged you for a full one. When you complained, he said, “But that’s what I call a pound.” Life would be very frustrating if everyone had a different set of standards: Imagine what would happen if some states used a red light to signal “go” and a green one for “stop.” Languages are not that different. In all cultures, languages have gradually developed certain general rules and principles to make communication as clear and efficient as possible. ① 규칙에 얽매인 언어 사용은 대화를 방해한다. ② 이질적인 문화는 사회생활의 불편을 초래한다. ③ 언어는 명확한 의사소통을 위해 표준화되어 왔다. ④ 외국어의 문법 규칙은 맥락 속에서 습득해야 한다. 【문16】글의 내용으로 보아 밑줄 친 단어의 쓰임이 적절하지 않은 것은? The intangibles we attach to tangible property are still rapidly multiplying. Every day there are more legal precedents, more real-estate records, more transactional data and the like. Each piece of tangible property, therefore, contains ① higher component of untouchability. In advanced economies the degree of intangibility in society's property base is spiraling ② upward. What's more, even industrial-age manufacturing giants now depend on ③ ever-growing inputs of skill, R&D findings, smart management, market intelligence, etc. All this changes the tangibility ratio in the economy's property base, further ④ increasing the role of touchables. ① higher ② upward ③ ever-growing ④ increasing 영어 (5-3) / 1교시 ①책형 (전체 20-18) 【문17】다음 글에 드러난 ‘I’의 심경 변화로 가장 적절한 것은? I cannot believe what I am seeing: plants, and trees everywhere. The scents are sweet and the air is pure and clean. I like the silence that greets me as I arrive at hotel. Upstairs, my heart is all aflutter at finding I have a good room, with a good-enough balcony view of the distant water. I take out clean clothes, shower, and, camera in hand, head downstairs to ask the attendant where I can find Moreno gardens. The man at the desk looks puzzled and says he’s never heard of the Moreno gardens. He steps into the back office and comes out accompanied by a woman. She has never heard of the Moreno gardens, either. My second question, regarding the house painted by Monet, brings me no closer to the truth. Neither has heard of such a house. It makes my shoulders droop. ① bored → expectant ② worried → pleased ③ sorrowful → relieved ④ excited → disappointed 【문18】다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은? In composition, your purpose is your overall goal or aim in writing. It is basically what you hope to accomplish by writing―whether it is to promote or endorse a certain point of view, rally support for a cause, criticize a film or a book, or examine the effects of a social trend. Your purpose may or may not be expressed explicitly (in creative writing, for example, it rarely is), but in essays it is usually important that your reader understand the purpose behind your writing. An explicitly stated purpose not only helps the reader follow your argument or perspective but also helps ensure that everything you write reflects that purpose. A carefully expressed purpose will help anchor your essay and keep it from aimlessly floating all over. ① Criticism : The Goal of Writing an Essay ② Express Clearly the Purpose of Your Essay ③ Brevity : The Fundamental of Writing ④ Write Carefully, but Enjoy the Moment 【문19】다음 글의 목적으로 가장 적절한 것은? The U.S. is shrinking physically. It has lost nearly 20 meters of beach from its East Coast during the 20th century. The oceans have risen by roughly 17 centimeters since 1900 through expansion (warmer water taking up more space) and the ongoing melt down of polar ice. That increase, however, is a small fraction compared with what's to come. In fact, unless greenhouse gas emissions are tamed, the seas will keep rising as the ice sheets covering mountain ranges melt away. Just how humans will adapt to a more watery world is still not known. Of today's trend, Robert Bindschadler, an emeritus scientist at NASA, notes, "We're not going to avoid this one." ① 온실가스 배출로 인한 해수면 상승을 경고하려고 ② 미국의 해안가 오염문제에 대한 대책을 촉구하려고 ③ 세계적인 물 부족으로 인한 대책마련의 필요성을 강조하려고 ④ 빙하 감소로 인한 극지방 생물들의 멸종위기를 경고하려고 【문20】다음 글의 내용을 한 문장으로 요약하고자 한다. 빈칸 (A)와 (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은? In dealing with the inevitable behavior problems in their classrooms, teachers may sometimes go too far. Often, teachers will humiliate a misbehaving student in front of the entire class. Despite bringing about an immediate, temporary end to the problematic behavior, taking such action can cause long-term educational repercussions. Prominent psychologists have noted that humiliating experiences in school are correlated with a drop-off in academic performance. The students lose self-confidence and begin to believe that positive grades are out of their reach.  Because embarrassing students can (A) their educational development, teachers should consider their (B) factors for academic performance. (A) (B) ① harm ………………………………… physical ② improve …………………………… physical ③ harm ……………………………… psychological ④ improve …………………………… psychological 【문21】다음 글의 요지를 아래와 같이 한 문장으로 요약하고자 한다. 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은? Soccer is the man-on-the-street's game in Europe, and the politicians, academics, and high-end journalists who would normally shun exhibitionist patriotism support their national teams as a means of proving they are really men-in-the street themselves. But it may also be that high national emotions are permissible when a soccer team is playing precisely because they are impermissible at most other times. There aren't, simply, many other places where you can sing your national anthem until you lose your voice without causing a riot. From the passage above, it can be inferred that soccer is . ① an acceptable form of nationalism ② the best sport for relieving stress ③ the most popular sport ever created ④ a unique sport that unites people in harmony 【문22】다음 글의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은? Etiquette—the sets of rules that give expression to manners —can vary from culture to culture. In Japan, you would remove your shoes before entering someone's house. If you did this in America, people would give you strange looks and hold their noses. In some Asian and Middle Eastern countries, belching and smacking your lips is a way to compliment the chef. In the United States, it's a way to get sent to your room. It's important to know the manners of the culture in which you're operating. Otherwise, an innocent, friendly gesture could . ① help make new friends ② be interpreted correctly ③ cause offense or embarrassment ④ make other people think highly of you 영어 (5-4) / 1교시 ①책형 (전체 20-19) 【문23】다음 글의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은? An economist Gary Becker has applied Marshallian economics to family law and to criminal law. Becker's crime model posits criminals who apparently weigh the costs and benefits of committing offences. If we have a crime problem, Becker implies, it's because crime does pay. Economists have tried to calculate what deters criminals. Two variables seem most important: apprehension rates and severity of punishment. The deterrent effect differs for different types of crimes. For some crimes, police should concentrate on catching the criminals. For other crimes, apprehension rates do not scare offenders. Instead they are deterred by . ① police questioning ② higher arrest rates ③ severe punishments ④ the policy of appeasement 【문24】글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절한 곳은? But not all arguments attempt to persuade, and many attempts to persuade do not involve arguments. Some writers define an argument as an attempt to persuade somebody of something. This is not correct. ( ① ) An argument attempts to prove or support a conclusion. ( ② ) When you attempt to persuade someone, you attempt to win him or her to your point of view; trying to persuade and trying to argue are logically distinct projects. ( ③ ) True, when you want to persuade somebody of something, you might use an argument. ( ④ ) In fact, giving an argument is often one of the least effective methods of persuading people― which, of course, is why so few advertisers bother with arguments. 【문25】글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절한 곳은? They weren't quite green, however. Green buildings are not new. For thousands of years, humans have built structures with local natural materials. These structures did not use energy or damage the planet. ( ① ) When the people who lived in them moved on, the structures usually collapsed, and their materials returned to the earth. ( ② ) Before the 1930s, most buildings used far less energy than today's buildings. Instead of air-conditioning, they had windows that opened to let in breezes. ( ③ ) Coal-burning furnaces were used for heating. As a result, many buildings spewed dirty smoke into the air. ( ④ ) Beginning in the 1970s, in the United States and much of the world, air-pollution laws were passed to reduce or eliminate pollution given off by buildings. 영어 (5-5) / 1교시 ①책형 (전체 20-20)