공기출 - 2022 국가직 9급 영어 문제 해설

2022년도 국가공무원 9급 공채 필기시험 영 어 가 책형 1 쪽 영 어 밑줄 친 부분의 의미와 가장 가까운 것을 고르시오. [문 1. 문 3.] 문 1. For years, detectives have been trying to unravel the mystery of the sudden disappearance of the twin brothers. solve create imitate publicize 문 2. Before the couple experienced parenthood, their four-bedroom house seemed unnecessarily opulent. hidden luxurious empty solid 문 3. The boss hit the roof when he saw that we had already spent the entire budget in such a short period of time. was very satisfied was very surprised became extremely calm became extremely angry 밑줄 친 부분에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. [문 4. 문 5.] 문 4. A mouse potato is the computer ____________ of television’s couch potato: someone who tends to spend a great deal of leisure time in front of the computer in much the same way the couch potato does in front of the television. technician equivalent network simulation 문 5. Mary decided to __________ her Spanish before going to South America. brush up on hear out stick up for lay off 문 6. 어법상 옳은 것은? A horse should be fed according to its individual needs and the nature of its work. My hat was blown off by the wind while walking down a narrow street. She has known primarily as a political cartoonist throughout her career. Even young children like to be complimented for a job done good. 문 7. 다음 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은? Umberto Eco was an Italian novelist, cultural critic and philosopher. He is widely known for his 1980 novel The Name of the Rose, a historical mystery combining semiotics in fiction with biblical analysis, medieval studies and literary theory. He later wrote other novels, including Foucault’s Pendulum and The Island of the Day Before. Eco was also a translator: he translated Raymond Queneau’s book Exercices de style into Italian. He was the founder of the Department of Media Studies at the University of the Republic of San Marino. He died at his Milanese home of pancreatic cancer, from which he had been suffering for two years, on the night of February 19, 2016. The Name of the Rose is a historical novel. Eco translated a book into Italian. Eco founded a university department. Eco died in a hospital of cancer. 문 8. 밑줄 친 부분 중 어법상 옳지 않은 것은? To find a good starting point, one must return to the year 1800 during which the first modern electric battery was developed. Italian Alessandro Volta found that a combination of silver, copper, and zinc were ideal for producing an electrical current. The enhanced design, called a Voltaic pile, was made by stacking some discs made from these metals between discs made of cardboard soaked in sea water. There was such talk about Volta’s work that he was requested to conduct a demonstration before the Emperor Napoleon himself. 문 9. 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은? Lasers are possible because of the way light interacts with electrons. Electrons exist at specific energy levels or states characteristic of that particular atom or molecule. The energy levels can be imagined as rings or orbits around a nucleus. Electrons in outer rings are at higher energy levels than those in inner rings. Electrons can be bumped up to higher energy levels by the injection of energy for example, by a flash of light. When an electron drops from an outer to an inner level, “excess” energy is given off as light. The wavelength or color of the emitted light is precisely related to the amount of energy released. Depending on the particular lasing material being used, specific wavelengths of light are absorbed (to energize or excite the electrons) and specific wavelengths are emitted (when the electrons fall back to their initial level). How Is Laser Produced? When Was Laser Invented? What Electrons Does Laser Emit? Why Do Electrons Reflect Light? 2022년도 국가공무원 9급 공채 필기시험 영 어 가 책형 2 쪽 문 10. 다음 글의 흐름상 가장 어색한 문장은? Markets in water rights are likely to evolve as a rising population leads to shortages and climate change causes drought and famine. But they will be based on regional and ethical trading practices and will differ from the bulk of commodity trade. Detractors argue trading water is unethical or even a breach of human rights, but already water rights are bought and sold in arid areas of the globe from Oman to Australia. Drinking distilled water can be beneficial, but may not be the best choice for everyone, especially if the minerals are not supplemented by another source. “We strongly believe that water is in fact turning into the new gold for this decade and beyond,” said Ziad Abdelnour. “No wonder smart money is aggressively moving in this direction.” 밑줄 친 부분에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. [문 11. 문 12.] 문 11. A: I heard that the university cafeteria changed their menu. B: Yeah, I just checked it out. A: And they got a new caterer. B: Yes. Sam’s Catering. A: ______________________________________? B: There are more dessert choices. Also, some sandwich choices were removed. What is your favorite dessert Do you know where their office is Do you need my help with the menu What’s the difference from the last menu 문 12. A: Hi there. May I help you? B: Yes, I’m looking for a sweater. A: Well, this one is the latest style from the fall collection. What do you think? B: It’s gorgeous. How much is it? A: Let me check the price for you. It’s $120. B: _________________________________. A: Then how about this sweater? It’s from the last season, but it’s on sale for $50. B: Perfect! Let me try it on. I also need a pair of pants to go with it That jacket is the perfect gift for me It’s a little out of my price range We are open until 7 p.m. on Saturdays 우리말을 영어로 잘못 옮긴 것을 고르시오. [문 13. 문 14.] 문 13. 우리가 영어를 단시간에 배우는 것은 결코 쉬운 일이 아니다. It is by no means easy for us to learn English in a short time. 우리 인생에서 시간보다 더 소중한 것은 없다. Nothing is more precious as time in our life. 아이들은 길을 건널 때 아무리 조심해도 지나치지 않다. Children cannot be too careful when crossing the street. 그녀는 남들이 말하는 것을 쉽게 믿는다. She easily believes what others say. 문 14. 커피 세 잔을 마셨기 때문에, 그녀는 잠을 이룰 수 없다. Having drunk three cups of coffee, she can’t fall asleep. 친절한 사람이어서, 그녀는 모든 이에게 사랑받는다. Being a kind person, she is loved by everyone. 모든 점이 고려된다면, 그녀가 그 직위에 가장 적임인 사람이다. All things considered, she is the best-qualified person for the position. 다리를 꼰 채로 오랫동안 앉아 있는 것은 혈압을 상승시킬 수 있다. Sitting with the legs crossing for a long period can raise blood pressure. 문 15. 밑줄 친 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은? Beliefs about maintaining ties with those who have died vary from culture to culture. For example, maintaining ties with the deceased is accepted and sustained in the religious rituals of Japan. Yet among the Hopi Indians of Arizona, the deceased are forgotten as quickly as possible and life goes on as usual. (A) , the Hopi funeral ritual concludes with a break-off between mortals and spirits. The diversity of grieving is nowhere clearer than in two Muslim societies one in Egypt, the other in Bali. Among Muslims in Egypt, the bereaved are encouraged to dwell at length on their grief, surrounded by others who relate to similarly tragic accounts and express their sorrow. (B) , in Bali, bereaved Muslims are encouraged to laugh and be joyful rather than be sad. (A) (B) However Similarly In fact By contrast Therefore For example Likewise Consequently 문 16. 밑줄 친 부분에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은? Scientists have long known that higher air temperatures are contributing to the surface melting on Greenland’s ice sheet. But a new study has found another threat that has begun attacking the ice from below: Warm ocean water moving underneath the vast glaciers is causing them to melt even more quickly. The findings were published in the journal Nature Geoscience by researchers who studied one of the many “ice tongues” of the Nioghalvfjerdsfjorden Glacier in northeast Greenland. An ice tongue is a strip of ice that floats on the water without breaking off from the ice on land. The massive one these scientists studied is nearly 50 miles long. The survey revealed an underwater current more than a mile wide where warm water from the Atlantic Ocean is able to flow directly towards the glacier, bringing large amounts of heat into contact with the ice and ___________ the glacier’s melting. separating delaying preventing accelerating 2022년도 국가공무원 9급 공채 필기시험 영 어 가 책형 3 쪽 문 17. 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은? Do people from different cultures view the world differently? A psychologist presented realistic animated scenes of fish and other underwater objects to Japanese and American students and asked them to report what they had seen. Americans and Japanese made about an equal number of references to the focal fish, but the Japanese made more than 60 percent more references to background elements, including the water, rocks, bubbles, and inert plants and animals. In addition, whereas Japanese and American participants made about equal numbers of references to movement involving active animals, the Japanese participants made almost twice as many references to relationships involving inert, background objects. Perhaps most tellingly, the very first sentence from the Japanese participants was likely to be one referring to the environment, whereas the first sentence from Americans was three times as likely to be one referring to the focal fish. Language Barrier Between Japanese and Americans Associations of Objects and Backgrounds in the Brain Cultural Differences in Perception Superiority of Detail-oriented People 문 18. 주어진 문장이 들어갈 위치로 가장 적절한 곳은? Thus, blood, and life-giving oxygen, are easier for the heart to circulate to the brain. People can be exposed to gravitational force, or g-force, in different ways. It can be localized, affecting only a portion of the body, as in getting slapped on the back. It can also be momentary, such as hard forces endured in a car crash. A third type of g-force is sustained, or lasting for at least several seconds. ( ) Sustained, bodywide g-forces are the most dangerous to people. ( ) The body usually withstands localized or momentary g-force better than sustained g-force, which can be deadly because blood is forced into the legs, depriving the rest of the body of oxygen. ( ) Sustained g-force applied while the body is horizontal, or lying down, instead of sitting or standing tends to be more tolerable to people, because blood pools in the back and not the legs. ( ) Some people, such as astronauts and fighter jet pilots, undergo special training exercises to increase their bodies’ resistance to g-force. 문 19. 다음 글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은? If someone makes you an offer and you’re legitimately concerned about parts of it, you’re usually better off proposing all your changes at once. Don’t say, “The salary is a bit low. Could you do something about it?” and then, once she’s worked on it, come back with “Thanks. Now here are two other things I’d like...” If you ask for only one thing initially, she may assume that getting it will make you ready to accept the offer (or at least to make a decision). If you keep saying “and one more thing...,” she is unlikely to remain in a generous or understanding mood. Furthermore, if you have more than one request, don’t simply mention all the things you want A, B, C, and D; also signal the relative importance of each to you. Otherwise, she may pick the two things you value least, because they’re pretty easy to give you, and feel she’s met you halfway. Negotiate multiple issues simultaneously, not serially. Avoid sensitive topics for a successful negotiation. Choose the right time for your negotiation. Don’t be too direct when negotiating salary. 문 20. 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은? Today, Lamarck is unfairly remembered in large part for his mistaken explanation of how adaptations evolve. He proposed that by using or not using certain body parts, an organism develops certain characteristics. (A) There is no evidence that this happens. Still, it is important to note that Lamarck proposed that evolution occurs when organisms adapt to their environments. This idea helped set the stage for Darwin. (B) Lamarck thought that these characteristics would be passed on to the offspring. Lamarck called this idea inheritance of acquired characteristics. (C) For example, Lamarck might explain that a kangaroo’s powerful hind legs were the result of ancestors strengthening their legs by jumping and then passing that acquired leg strength on to the offspring. However, an acquired characteristic would have to somehow modify the DNA of specific genes in order to be inherited. (A) (C) (B) (B) (A) (C) (B) (C) (A) (C) (A) (B)