2011 국회직 8급 영어 문제 해설

영어정답(2017-09-17 / 280.9KB / 1,430회)

2011 국회직 8급 영어 해설 강수정 (2017-09-17 / 567.8KB / 1,623회)

2011 국회직 8급 영어 해설 줄리아 (2017-09-17 / 251.2KB / 862회)

2011년도 제9회 8급시험 2교시 영 어 책형 가 - 1 - 영 어 ※ [1 ～ 6] Choose the one that is closest in meaning to the underlined part. 1. The Irish-born author of Waiting for Godot and Endgame described a stark world of vagabond couples trapped by an apocalyptic sense of doom and caught in a never-ending, master-slave dialectic often laced with a wry Irish humor. ① bleak ② optimistic ③ nomadic ④ dynamic ⑤ euphoric 2. After a brief economic bonanza in the early 1990s that filled Buenos Aires with glitz, the most severe economic crisis in Argentina's history pushed half the population below the poverty level. Yet even as they struggled to pay their utility bills or avoid eviction, many people found new meaning in a music that was neither easy nor frivolous. ① conflict ② expulsion ③ obscurity ④ delay ⑤ fluctuation 3. Death is often the harbinger of a heroic reputation. The great Spartacus, leader of the slaves who threw off their bondage, knew what he was about when he killed his horse during the final battle so that he could not escape. ① precursor ② antithesis ③ ordeal ④ ultimatum ⑤ objective 4. Through Davin's experience, Joyce's narration debunks this misogynist explanation of Ireland's colonization. ① conceals ② exposes ③ praises ④ delimits ⑤ scorns 5. Controversial, idiosyncratic, and brilliant, Vladimir Nabokov died in Montreux, Switzerland, in 1977. ① melancholy ② felicitous ③ iconoclastic ④ precocious ⑤ eccentric 6. Going to movies and plays was fun, but like many other students Ralph found Tuskegee's rules cramping. ① irksome ② annoying ③ welcoming ④ stimulating ⑤ suffocating 7. Which of the following best completes the blank? The White House and congressional leaders worked Monday to align lawmakers from both parties behind their formula for __________ a financial meltdown and halting the government's prolific spending habits. ① averting ② replicating ③ precipitating ④ contriving ⑤ fortifying 8. Which of the following best completes the blanks (A) and (B)? Mandel started his pioneering research on saliva in the late 1950s. Back then, most of (A) people knew about saliva was that it moistens food and contains enzymes (B) begin to digest it. Now scientists have charted many more components of saliva. Some proteins inhibit the transmission of the AIDS virus; others are critical in allowing friendly bacteria to adhere to teeth and gums, preventing severe infections. (A) (B) ① the ― that ② the ― what ③ what ― who ④ what ― that ⑤ those ― which 2011년도 제9회 8급시험 2교시 영 어 책형 가 - 2 - 9. Which of the following is the most logical sequence of the four parts to complete the passage? The concept of a mechanical person or animal goes back to antiquity. [A] The earliest models could be programmed to perform different tasks, but lacked sensors to recognize sizes or shapes of objects. Although called robots, their capabilities were about the same as a player piano, which plays different songs when different music rolls are inserted. [B] Greek and Chinese inventors made clever moving statues that could duplicate the actions of a person or animal, such as playing a musical instrument or flapping wings and crowing. Such devices are called automatons. Most worked by some form of clockwork, wound with a spring or powered by flowing water. [C] Soon, however, robot arms that could distinguish the objects by weight or temperature or shape became available. [D] Automatons appear lifelike, but whenever they are activated, they repeat the same motions as the time before; they do not react to their environment. A device that accomplishes tasks similar to those a human can perform and that reacts to at least some changes in the environment is called a robot. Robots may or may not be made to resemble humans, although many have parts that are similar to human arms, hands, or eyes. ① A - B - C - D ② A - C - B - D ③ B - C - D - A ④ B - D - A - C ⑤ D - B - A - C 10. Which of the following best completes the blank? A "probe" is a message like the one you are reading, sent to an individual subscriber and tagged with a special signature to uniquely identify this particular subscriber (you may not see the signature because it is in the mail headers). If the subscriber's email address is no longer valid, then the message will be returned to LISTSERV and the faulty address will be removed from the list. If the subscriber's address is still valid, then the message will not bounce and the user will not be deleted. According to the above email message, the receiver in order to remain subscribed to the list. ① should send a reply ② must check his or her address ③ has to remove the faulty address ④ doesn't need to take any action ⑤ should retrieve the message with a special signature 11. Choose the best translation for the following sentence. 국토의 3/4이 산간지역인 우리나라가 원목을 수입에 크게 의존하고 있다는 것은 부끄러운 일이다. ① It is shameful as a country of three quarter of mountainous area imports wood from overseas. ② We rely heavily on imports of wood shamefully with three quarters of land are mountains. ③ Our heavy reliance on imports of wood is shameful for a country of which three quarters of the land is mountainous. ④ Our reliance on imports of wood is regretful because we use the mountain only as resort area. ⑤ It is a shame for our country to rely on export of wood and not to take good care of three quarters of mountainous area. 12. Choose the most appropriate spot for the following sentence. People are social animals that still need an occasional hug or some form of physical affection. Although people become Internet-dependent for different reasons, there are some underlying factors. [A] Maressa Orzack, a clinical psychologist at Harvard Medical School, found that people start using the Internet extensively for reasons such as excitement, a new sense of identity, or companionship. [B] Although a correlation has been found between Internet addicts and conditions such as social phobia, impulse control disorder, and attention deficit disorder, a cause-and-effect relationship has not yet been firmly established. [C] Interestingly, it has been found that those who spend an inordinate amount of time in cyberspace (usually defined as more than two hours per day) often suffer from severe depression despite their constant communication with others online. [D] The reason? This online friendship lacks the equality of personal, face-to-face interaction. [E] ① [A] ② [B] ③ [C] ④ [D] ⑤ [E] 2011년도 제9회 8급시험 2교시 영 어 책형 가 - 3 - 13. Which of the following best completes the blanks (A) and (B)? For most police officers, acute stress reactions begin at the scene of a traumatic event or within 24 hours after the event. Yet, some officers will have little or no reaction to a traumatic scene. (A) , their delayed stress reaction tends to show up days, weeks, months, and in some extraordinary cases, years after the event. Post-traumatic stress is confusing to the officer who cannot pinpoint the exact incident that caused the reaction. (B) , the reaction is as real and painful as if it occurred at the time of the crisis event. (A) (B) ① On the one hand ― On the other hand ② Therefore ― Likewise ③ Naturally ― Therefore ④ However ― Rather ⑤ Instead ― Nonetheless 14. Choose the underlined part that is not grammatically correct. ①That such a situation is in no way incompatible with racism is something Spike Lee dramatizes very accurately in Do the Right Thing, ②which one of the Italian-American boys claims to be a racist despite the fact that his sporting heroes are, in fact, all African-American. ③Racism is no longer a primarily cultural or political issue. ④The twin poles of U.S. consumer culture ― rock music and organized sports ― can cheerfully offer Michael Jackson and Michael Jordan. Another way of putting this would be to say that racism is no longer primarily a matter of representation; ⑤it is a complex economic issue as well as a straightforward political one. 15. Which of the following best completes the blanks (A) and (B)? Back in February, I reviewed Ford's new 2012 hatchback. At the time, the car hadn't hit dealers yet ― and its release was so far off that Ford couldn't tell me when it would be available. The intense competition of the gadget world makes that sort of leisurely pace (A) . Product development, manufacturing, distribution and marketing happen at such a (B) pace that there's no margin for error. (A) (B) ① undeniable ― jaunty ② unacceptable ― sluggish ③ unthinkable ― blistering ④ unprecedented ― precise ⑤ unpredictable ― tepid 16. Which of the following best completes the blank? When you want to remind yourself to do something, link that activity to another event that you know will take place. Say you're walking to work and suddenly you realize that your books are due at the library tomorrow. Switch your watch from your left to your right wrist. Every time you look at your watch it becomes a reminder that you were supposed to remember something. If you empty your pockets every night, put an unusual item in your pocket to remind yourself to do something before you go to bed. To remember to call your sister for her birthday, pick an object from the kitchen ― a fork, perhaps ― and put it in your pocket. That evening, when you empty your pocket and find the fork, you're more likely to call your sister. The key is to . Rituals like looking at your watch, reaching for a car key, and untying shoes are seldom forgotten. ① pick events that are certain to occur ② make the association blocked ③ repeat the process many times ④ collect the most unusual items ⑤ relax and trust yourself 17. Which of the following best completes the blanks (A) and (B)? The minstrel figure was often a man who stretched himself outside of his natural position in society and became a fool as he attempted to give a speech on a sophisticated subject. The result was one mispronounced and misused word after another and the speaker sometimes became so flabbergasted that he nearly passed out and had to be dragged offstage. Then there was the black-faced chump who was so (A) that he could be (B) by just about anybody. (A) (B) ① gullible ― unharmed ② gullible ― bamboozled ③ sophisticated ― bamboozled ④ sophisticated ― unharmed ⑤ sophisticated ― deceived 2011년도 제9회 8급시험 2교시 영 어 책형 가 - 4 - 18. Choose the underlined part that is not grammatically correct. If the goal is not to assimilate diversity into the dominant culture ①but rather to build a culture that can digest unassimilated diversity, then ②you had better start by figuring out ③what your present culture looks like. Since what we're talking about here is the body of unspoken and unexamined assumptions, values, and mythologies ④what make your world go round, this kind of cultural audit is impossible to conduct without outside help. It's a research activity, ⑤done mostly with in-depth interviews and a lot of listening. 19. Which of the following is true, according to the passage? The federal government has a handful of government corporations. These are not exactly like private corporations in which you can buy stocks and collect dividends, but they are like private corporations ― and different from other parts of the government ― in two ways. First, they provide a service that could be handled by the private sector. Second, they typically charge for their services, though often at rates cheaper than those the consumer would pay to a private-sector producer. The granddaddy of the government corporations is the Tennessee Valley Authority. Established in 1933 as part of the New Deal, it has controlled floods, improved navigation, protected the soil against erosion, and provided inexpensive electricity to millions of Americans in Tennessee, Kentucky, Alabama, and neighboring states. The Post Office, one of the original cabinet departments (first headed by Benjamin Franklin) has become the government's largest corporation: the U.S. Postal Service. ① There are many government corporations in the federal government. ② The government corporations provide services for free. ③ The Tennessee Valley Authority is one of the oldest government corporations. ④ There are few similarities between private and government corporations. ⑤ The Post Office has obtained a cabinet-level status only recently. ※ [20～ 21] Read the following passage and answer the questions. The Carthaginians were already strengthening their weapons with a metallurgical technology similar to the Bessemer process, which was not developed until the 19th century. Metallurgist Hand Koens of the University of Amsterdam discovered that the Carthaginians in antiquity were adding large amounts of calcium to the metal, a process that chemically strengthens iron. The research team located the source of that calcium ― the shells of the murex. Huge amounts of crushed shells, along with basalt grinders and grindstones covered the metalworking site. But at the end of the fifth century B.C. the metalworking region succumbed to another population surge. As their city exploded in size, the residents built houses over the hearths. The residents by then belonged to a new society, as distinct from its Phoenician founders as North Americans are today from their 17th-century colonial ancestors. They had embraced new variants of the Tyrian gods. But the Carthaginians always retained a Phoenician style. They continued their forefathers' wanderlust with voyages around Africa and perhaps farther. Although the Carthaginians ruled the western Mediterranean for centuries, ultimately they could not resist the power of Rome. Their final hours were gruesome. 20. Which of the following is not stated or implied about the Carthaginians in the passage? ① They made a voyage around Africa. ② They surrendered to Rome in the end. ③ They had an advanced metallurgical technology. ④ They used the murex shells to strengthen their metal weapons. ⑤ They founded Phoenicia at the end of the fifth century B.C. 21. It can be inferred that people built houses over the hearths because . ① it was a Phoenician style ② they wanted to use the heat from the hearths ③ they did not have enough land for their houses ④ they wanted to hide the metalworking site from their enemy ⑤ it was convenient for them to work at the metalworking site 2011년도 제9회 8급시험 2교시 영 어 책형 가 - 5 - ※ [22～ 23] Read the following passage and answer the questions. Kenya has agreed to open a new refugee camp near its border with Somalia, as thousands of people flee the region's worst drought in 60 years. Prime Minister Raila Odinga said the Ifo II camp, which can fit up to 80,000 people, would open within 10 days. But the prime minister rejected criticism that (A) . He said Kenya had lived with the refugee crisis for 20 years and had been asking the international community for help all that time. "They are only now responding when they see people are dying. The international community is always very late in acting. So the Kenyan government is a victim, not the accused." Mr. Odinga said Kenya would not take responsibility for the logistics of opening the Ifo II camp. The UNHCR (United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees) had been urging Kenya to open the camp for the past two years but the government stopped work on it earlier this year, citing security concerns as one of the reasons. UNHCR chief Antonio Guterres on Monday held talks with Kenya's Internal Security Minister George Saitoti to appeal to him to open the camp. The BBC's Kevin Mwachiro says the announcement the camp will open (B) . He says more than 1,300 refugees are crossing into Kenya from war-torn Somalia every day. 22. Which of the following is true, according to the passage? ① For the past 20 years many Kenyan refugees have crossed into Somalia. ② Somalian refugees like Kenyan camps because they can get enough food in there. ③ The UNHCR wanted the Kenyan government to open a camp for refugees from Somalia. ④ The Kenyan government has been reluctant to open a new camp due to their economic crisis. ⑤ The Kenyan government has asked the UNHCR to open a camp for refugees from Somalia. 23. Which of the following best completes the blanks (A) and (B)? ① (A) : Kenya had to open Ifo II earlier (B) : can come at the best time ② (A) : Kenya had to open Ifo II earlier (B) : cannot have come at a better time ③ (A) : Kenya had to open Ifo II earlier (B) : could not come at a better time ④ (A) : Kenya should have opened Ifo II earlier (B) : cannot have come at a better time ⑤ (A) : Kenya should have opened Ifo II earlier (B) : could not come at a better time ※ [24 ～ 25] Read the following passage and answer the questions. The construction and design may have serious flaws, according to the engineers, who also provided memos, e-mail messages and photos from Lynas and its contractors. The engineers said they felt a professional duty to voice their safety concerns, but insisted on anonymity to avoid the risk of becoming industry outcasts. The problems they detail include structural cracks, air pockets and leaks in many of the concrete shells for 70 containment tanks, some of which are larger than double-decker buses. Ore mined deep in the Australian desert and shipped to Malaysia would be mixed with powerful acids to make a slightly radioactive slurry that would be pumped through the tanks, with operating temperatures of about 200 degrees Fahrenheit. The engineers also say that almost all of the steel piping ordered for the plant is made from standard steel, which they describe as not suited for the corrosive, abrasive slurry. Rare earth refineries in other countries make heavy use of costlier stainless steel or steel piping with ceramic or rubber liners. The engineers also say that the concrete tanks were built using conventional concrete, not the much costlier polymer concrete mixed with plastic that is widely used in refineries in the West to reduce the chance of cracks. Documents show that Lynas and its construction management contractor, UGL Ltd. of Australia, have argued with their contractors that the cracks and moisture in the concrete containment walls are not a critical problem. 24. The passage implies that the steel piping made from standard steel was ordered for the rare earth refinery because . ① it was safe ② it was cheap ③ it was light ④ it was durable ⑤ it was suitable 25. Which of the following is not stated or implied by the engineers in the passage? ① Conventional concrete was used in building the concrete tanks. ② Polymer concrete mixed with plastic reduces the chance of cracks. ③ There are leaks in many of the concrete shells for 70 containment tanks. ④ The cracks and moisture in the concrete containment walls are not a serious problem. ⑤ The engineers are concerned about the safety of the rare earth refinery that they are building.