2018 6월 모의평가 영어 문제 해설 - 2018.6.7.

 

영어 문제(2018-06-17 / 1.63MB / 1,044회)

 

영어 해설(2018-06-17 / 294.1KB / 1,156회)

 

 1 8  1번부터 17번까지는 듣고 답하는 문제입니다. 1번부터 15번까지는 한 번만 들려주고, 16번부터 17번까지는 두 번 들려줍니다. 방송을 잘 듣고 답을 하시기 바랍니다. 1. 대화를 듣고, 여자의 마지막 말에 대한 남자의 응답으로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. ① Sure. I’ll need your phone number. ② Of course. The stock prices are up. ③ No, thanks. I have enough books. ④ That’s right. Biology isn’t easy. ⑤ Sorry. I didn’t book the tickets. 2. 대화를 듣고, 남자의 마지막 말에 대한 여자의 응답으로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. ① I’m not sure why I’m sick. ② Can I reserve a table for five? ③ How come you have a sunburn? ④ It was a pleasure meeting with you. ⑤ I’d like to make an appointment at four. 3. 다음을 듣고, 여자가 하는 말의 목적으로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. ① 차량 관리 방법을 설명하려고 ② 이사 지침 준수를 요청하려고 ③ 전기 절약 방법을 알려주려고 ④ 건물 실내 소독 일정을 공지하려고 ⑤ 관리 사무소 위치 이전을 안내하려고 4. 대화를 듣고, 남자의 의견으로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. ① 개별 활동이 조별 활동보다 효율적이다. ② 교과목에 따라 효과적인 학습 방법에 차이가 있다. ③ 조별 과제를 할 때 일을 합리적으로 분담해야 한다. ④ 실수를 막기 위해 발표 자료를 미리 준비해야 한다. ⑤ 다양한 경로를 통한 자료 수집이 과제의 질을 높인다. 5. 대화를 듣고, 두 사람의 관계를 가장 잘 나타낸 것을 고르시오. ① 사진작가 － 여행 가이드 ② 반려동물 주인 － 수의사 ③ 서커스 관람객 － 동물 조련사 ④ 고고학자 － 자연사 박물관 직원 ⑤ 신문 기자 － 야생 동물 구조 센터 직원 6. 대화를 듣고, 그림에서 대화의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것을 고르시오. 7. 대화를 듣고, 남자가 할 일로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. ① 장비 들여놓기 ② 다과 준비하기 ③ 현수막 주문하기 ④ 운동 기구 교체하기 ⑤ 문자 메시지 보내기 8. 대화를 듣고, 여자가 기숙사에서 나가려는 이유를 고르시오. ① 과제에 집중할 수 없어서 ② 시설이 마음에 들지 않아서 ③ 조부모를 병간호하기 위해서 ④ 이사 온 가족과 살기 위해서 ⑤ 룸메이트와 사이가 좋지 않아서 9. 대화를 듣고, 남자가 지불할 금액을 고르시오. ① $63 ② $81 ③ $90 ④ $100 ⑤ $108 10. 대화를 듣고, Tanzania Volunteer Program에 관해 언급되지 않은 것을 고르시오. ① 기간 ② 활동 내용 ③ 참가비 ④ 모집 인원 ⑤ 지원 마감일 11. 2018 Youth History Tour에 관한 다음 내용을 듣고, 일치하지 않는 것을 고르시오. ① 역사에 대한 학생들의 관심 증진이 목적이다. ② 7월 25일부터 7월 31일까지 진행된다. ③ 다섯 개의 도시를 방문할 예정이다. ④ 역사가가 안내할 것이다. ⑤ 여행자 보험료가 참가비에 포함되어 있다. 2019학년도 대학수학능력시험 6월 모의평가 문제지 제 3 교시 1 이 문제지에 관한 저작권은 한국교육과정평가원에 있습니다. 2 2 8 12. 다음 표를 보면서 대화를 듣고, 여자가 주문할 식탁을 고르시오. ① ② ③ ④ ⑤ 13. 대화를 듣고, 여자의 마지막 말에 대한 남자의 응답으로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. [3점] Man: ① I’ll go apologize to him and give my support. ② I’ll help you two make up with each other. ③ I need to teach him how to make criticism. ④ I’ll ask him to stop playing mobile games. ⑤ I should congratulate him on his victory. 14. 대화를 듣고, 남자의 마지막 말에 대한 여자의 응답으로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. [3점] Woman: ① That sounds good. I’m glad you’ve overcome the disaster. ② Get over it. Don’t let the past keep you from moving forward. ③ Maybe you’re right. I should spend more time singing. ④ Don’t worry. Check why your audition was canceled. ⑤ Calm down. You’re too proud of yourself now. 15. 다음 상황 설명을 듣고, Marcus가 Judy에게 할 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. [3점] Marcus: ① Can you share your recipe if you don’t mind? ② We’ll be able to win since we’ve practiced a lot. ③ We’d better figure out who our competitors will be. ④ We need to practice harder to speed up our cooking. ⑤ How about signing up for the cooking competition with me? [16～17] 다음을 듣고, 물음에 답하시오. 16. 남자가 하는 말의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은? ① reasons why creativity is essential to artists ② habits of famous artists to get creative ideas ③ jobs that are likely to disappear in the future ④ necessity of teaching how to appreciate artwork ⑤ relationship between job satisfaction and creativity 17. 언급된 직업이 아닌 것은? ① filmmaker ② composer ③ writer ④ painter ⑤ photographer 18. 다음 글의 목적으로 가장 적절한 것은? Dear staff, Next Monday, Nature’s Beauty Gardens will have the pleasure of hosting very important guests for the annual “Toddler Trek” event. We hope that this will be fun, educational, and most importantly safe for the toddlers. Parents and children are going to spend time enjoying outdoor activities and having a picnic lunch. It is therefore very important to check the garden for potential dangers. Managers of each department must make sure that all dangerous equipment and machinery are safely stored. Also, for the safety of our guests at this event, garden chemicals will not be used anywhere in Nature’s Beauty Gardens. Thank you for your cooperation in this safety check and for helping to make this year’s “Toddler Trek” event the best one yet. Best regards, Laura Alfaro, Managing Director ① 안전한 행사를 위한 준비를 지시하려고 ② 노후 장비 교체 일정을 안내하려고 ③ 체험 학습 행사 홍보를 부탁하려고 ④ 정원 박람회 기획자를 모집하려고 ⑤ 체육 대회 참가를 독려하려고 19. 다음 글에 드러난 Ms. Baker의 심경 변화로 가장 적절한 것은? “Regularity is the key to mastery, Jean. Everything other than that is a waste of time,” stressed Ms. Baker, Jean’s piano teacher, with a troubled look. However, Jean complained quite often about practicing and slipped out of her sessions occasionally. Concerned about Jean idling around, Ms. Baker decided to change her teaching method. “You can make your own schedule, Jean. However, I want you to help me as an assistant,” said Ms. Baker. After that, Jean practiced hard to be a good example to the beginners and her skills improved incredibly day after day. The change in Jean was miraculous. A smile came over Ms. Baker’s face as she listened to Jean play. Ms. Baker was convinced by Jean’s improvement that her new teaching method was a success. ① angry → jealous ② indifferent → grateful ③ worried → satisfied ④ pleased → confused ⑤ alarmed → frustrated 20. 다음 글에서 필자가 주장하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은? We say to ourselves: “There is plenty of time. I’ll manage somehow or other when the time comes for action.” We are rather proud of our ability to meet emergencies. So we do not plan and take precautions to prevent emergencies from arising. It is too easy to drift through school and college, taking the traditional, conventional studies that others take, following the lines of least resistance, electing “snap courses,” and going with the crowd. It is too easy to take the attitude: “First I will get my education and develop myself, and then I will know better what I am fitted to do for a life work.” And so we drift, driven by the winds of circumstance, tossed about by the waves of tradition and custom. Eventually, most men find they must be satisfied with “any port in a storm.” Sailors who select a port because they are driven to it have scarcely one chance in a thousand of dropping anchor in the right one. * snap: 쉬운 ① 강인한 의지를 가지고 학업을 지속해야 한다. ② 전통적 가치를 바탕으로 앞날을 계획해야 한다. ③ 타인과의 소통을 통해 경험의 폭을 넓혀야 한다. ④ 자신의 고집을 버리고 비판적 의견을 수용해야 한다. ⑤ 안일함을 버리고 미래를 준비하는 자세를 가져야 한다.  이제 듣기 문제가 끝났습니다. 18번부터는 문제지의 지시에 따라 답을 하시기 바랍니다. 이 문제지에 관한 저작권은 한국교육과정평가원에 있습니다. 3 3 8 21. 다음 글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은? Internet entrepreneurs are creating job-search products and bringing them online regularly. Within the past few years, new Internet-based businesses have come online that help people find internships, complete online classes tailored to individual employer job applications, or find volunteer work that will lead to full-time employment. Job mastery will mean keeping up with the rapidly evolving tools available on the Internet. It should be noted, though, that no development in the Internet job age has reduced the importance of the most basic job search skill: self-knowledge. Even in the Internet age, the job search starts with identifying individual job skills, sector interests, and preferred workplace environment and interests. Richard Bolles’ best selling job search book, first published in 1970, had as its central theme the self-inventory of skills and workplace preferences. This self-inventory continues to be the starting point for any job search today no matter what the Internet technology involved. * entrepreneur: 사업가 ** inventory: 목록 ① 구직 정보 검색 도구가 빠르게 발전하고 있다. ② 인터넷 관련 일자리 창출을 위한 기업의 투자가 시급하다. ③ 인터넷을 활용한 구직에서도 자신에 대한 이해가 중요하다. ④ 업무 효율을 높이려면 인터넷 작업 환경 개선이 필요하다. ⑤ 인터넷을 통한 직업 교육이 확산되는 추세이다. 22. 다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은? The term “biological control” has been used, at times, in a broad context to cover a full spectrum of biological organisms and biologically based products. This has been spectacularly successful in many instances, with a number of pest problems permanently resolved by importation and successful establishment of natural enemies. These importation successes have been limited largely to certain types of ecosystems and/or pest situations such as introduced pests in perennial ecosystems. On the other hand, this approach has met with limited success for major pests of row crops or other ephemeral systems. In these situations, the problem is often not the lack of effective natural enemies but management practices and a lack of concerted research on factors that determine the success or failure of importation attempts in the specific agro-ecosystem setting. Thus, importation programs, to date, are largely a matter of trial and error based on experience of the individual specialists involved. * perennial: 다년생의 ** ephemeral: 단명하는 ① difficulties in identifying major pests in agriculture ② benefits of introducing natural enemies into ecosystems ③ ways to apply biological control strategies to agriculture ④ side effects from pest elimination through biological control ⑤ reasons for partial success of importation in biological control 23. 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은? According to the individualist form of rhetoric about science, still much used for certain purposes, discoveries are made in laboratories. They are the product of inspired patience, of skilled hands and an inquiring but unbiased mind. Moreover, they speak for themselves, or at least they speak too powerfully and too insistently for prejudiced humans to silence them. It would be wrong to suppose that such beliefs are not sincerely held, yet almost nobody thinks they can provide a basis for action in public contexts. Any scientist who announces a so-called discovery at a press conference without first permitting expert reviewers to examine his or her claims is automatically castigated as a publicity seeker. The norms of scientific communication presuppose that nature does not speak unambiguously, and that knowledge isn’t knowledge unless it has been authorized by disciplinary specialists. A scientific truth has little standing until it becomes a collective product. What happens in somebody’s laboratory is only one stage in its construction. * rhetoric: 수사(학) ** castigate: 혹평하다 ① Path to Scientific Truth: Scientific Community’s Approval ② The Prime Rule of Science: First Means Best ③ The Lonely Genius Drives Scientific Discoveries ④ Scientific Discoveries Speak for Themselves! ⑤ Social Prejudice Presents Obstacles to Scientific Research 24. 다음 표의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은? The table above displays the life expectancy at birth in 2030 for five selected countries. ① In each of the five selected countries, it is predicted that the life expectancy of women will be higher than that of men. ② In the case of women, life expectancy in the Republic of Korea is expected to be the highest among the five countries, followed by that in Austria. ③ As for men, the Republic of Korea and Singapore will rank the first and the second highest, respectively, in life expectancy in the five countries. ④ Both Slovakian women and men will have the lowest life expectancy by gender among the five countries, with 82.92 and 76.98 years, respectively. ⑤ Among the five countries, the largest difference in life expectancy between women and men is 6.75 years, predicted to be found in the Republic of Korea, and the smallest difference is 3.46 years, in Sweden. 이 문제지에 관한 저작권은 한국교육과정평가원에 있습니다. 4 4 8 25. Richard Burton에 관한 다음 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은? Richard Burton was a highly regarded Welsh actor of stage and screen. He was born in 1925 in South Wales, the twelfth child of a poor miner. Burton was the first member of his family to go to secondary school. Then, he attended Oxford University and later joined the British air force during wartime. After leaving the military in 1947, he made his film debut in 1949, in The Last Days of Dolwyn. Richard Burton went on to become a praised actor of stage and screen, who was nominated for an Academy Award seven times, but never won an Oscar. It is well-known that he had a powerful voice overwhelming the camera, the microphone, and all the intimacy of film acting. His final film was an adaptation of George Orwell’s famous novel, 1984. ① South Wales에서 가난한 광부의 12번째 아이로 태어났다. ② 전쟁 기간 중 영국 공군에 입대했다. ③ 인정받는 연기자가 되어, Oscar상을 7번 수상했다. ④ 힘 있는 목소리를 가졌던 것으로 잘 알려져 있다. ⑤ 마지막 영화는 George Orwell의 소설을 각색한 작품이었다. 26. KSFF International Exchange Program에 관한 다음 안내문의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은? KSFF International Exchange Program Are you interested in participating in an international exchange program? The Korea-Singapore Friendship Foundation (KSFF) will send high school students to 6 schools in Singapore. This opportunity will be great for developing a global perspective and lifelong memories. OPPORTUNITY and DATES ∙Each school will host 7 to 10 high school students. ∙Two weeks: from September 3, 2018, to September 16, 2018 ACTIVITIES ∙Classroom participation and extra-curricular activities ∙Visiting tourist sites ACCOMMODATIONS ∙KSFF will arrange for participants to stay with local families. More information is available at www.ksffexchange.net. Please note: The application must be completed on our website by June 9, 2018. ① 고등학생을 대상으로 한다. ② 2018년 9월 16일부터 2주간 운영된다. ③ 관광지 방문 활동을 포함한다. ④ KSFF가 참가자를 위해 현지 가정 체류를 주선한다. ⑤ 웹 사이트에서 신청을 완료해야 한다. 27. 2018 Tree Distribution Event에 관한 다음 안내문의 내용과 일치하는 것은? 2018 Tree Distribution Event The Greenville Community Center is pleased to offer free trees through our annual Tree Distribution Event. Distribution is limited to two trees per household due to the limited number of available trees. ∙Call the community center at 304-315-7777 by Friday, June 15, 2018, to request your free trees. ∙Requests are accepted by phone only. ∙Pick-up instructions will be sent by the end of June 2018 via text message. ∙The pick-up day for trees will be a Saturday, in either July or August 2018 (dependent on weather conditions). You can get more information about the age and size of the trees on our website (www.treegreenville.org). ① 할인된 가격으로 나무를 판매한다. ② 가구당 한 그루의 나무만 분양해 준다. ③ 이메일로만 신청을 받는다. ④ 나무를 받아가는 방법을 7월 말에 문자 메시지로 보낸다. ⑤ 웹 사이트에서 나무의 나이 및 크기 정보를 제공한다. 28. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은? Humans are so averse to feeling that they’re being cheated ① that they often respond in ways that seemingly make little sense. Behavioral economists ― the economists who actually study ② what people do as opposed to the kind who simply assume the human mind works like a calculator ― have shown again and again that people reject unfair offers even if ③ it costs them money to do so. The typical experiment uses a task called the ultimatum game. It’s pretty straightforward. One person in a pair is given some money ― say $10. She then has the opportunity to offer some amount of it to her partner. The partner only has two options. He can take what’s offered or ④ refused to take anything. There’s no room for negotiation; that’s why it’s called the ultimatum game. What typically happens? Many people offer an equal split to the partner, ⑤ leaving both individuals happy and willing to trust each other in the future. * averse to: ~을 싫어하는 ** ultimatum: 최후통첩 이 문제지에 관한 저작권은 한국교육과정평가원에 있습니다. 5 5 8 29. 다음 글에서 밑줄 친 None이 의미하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은? [3점] Here’s an interesting thought. If glaciers started re-forming, they have a great deal more water now to draw on ― Hudson Bay, the Great Lakes, the hundreds of thousands of lakes of Canada, none of which existed to fuel the last ice sheet ― so they would grow very much quicker. And if they did start to advance again, what exactly would we do? Blast them with TNT or maybe nuclear missiles? Well, doubtless we would, but consider this. In 1964, the largest earthquake ever recorded in North America rocked Alaska with 200,000 megatons of concentrated might, the equivalent of 2,000 nuclear bombs. Almost 3,000 miles away in Texas, water sloshed out of swimming pools. A street in Anchorage fell twenty feet. The quake devastated 24,000 square miles of wilderness, much of it glaciated. And what effect did all this might have on Alaska’s glaciers? None. * slosh: 철벅철벅 튀다 ** devastate: 황폐시키다 ① It would be of no use to try to destroy glaciers. ② The melting glaciers would drive the rise of the sea level. ③ The Alaskan wilderness would not be harmed by glaciers. ④ Re-forming glaciers would not spread over North America. ⑤ The causes of glacier re-formation would not include quakes. 30. 밑줄 친 부분이 가리키는 대상이 나머지 넷과 다른 것은? John was once in the office of a manager, Michael, when the phone rang. Immediately, Michael bellowed, “That disgusting phone never stops ringing.” ① He then proceeded to pick it up and engage in a fifteen-minute conversation while John waited. When ② he finally hung up, he looked exhausted and frustrated. He apologized as the phone rang once again. He later confessed that he was having a great deal of trouble completing his tasks because of the volume of calls he was responding to. At some point John asked him, “Have you ever considered having a certain period of time when ③ you simply don’t answer the phone?” Michael said, “As a matter of fact, no,” looking at ④ him with a puzzled look. It turned out that this simple suggestion helped Michael not only to relax, but to get more work done as well. Like many people, ⑤ he didn’t need hours of uninterrupted time, but he did need some! * bellow: 고함치다 [31～34] 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. 31. Although prices in most retail outlets are set by the retailer, this does not mean that these prices . On any particular day we find that all products have a specific price ticket on them. However, this price may be different from day to day or week to week. The price that the farmer gets from the wholesaler is much more flexible from day to day than the price that the retailer charges consumers. If, for example, bad weather leads to a poor potato crop, then the price that supermarkets have to pay to their wholesalers for potatoes will go up and this will be reflected in the prices they mark on potatoes in their stores. Thus, these prices do reflect the interaction of demand and supply in the wider marketplace for potatoes. Although they do not change in the supermarket from hour to hour to reflect local variations in demand and supply, they do change over time to reflect the underlying conditions of the overall production of and demand for the goods in question. [3점] ① reflect the principle of demand and supply ② may not change from hour to hour ③ go up due to bad weather ④ do not adjust to market forces over time ⑤ can be changed by the farmer’s active role 32. An individual characteristic that moderates the relationship with behavior is self-efficacy, or a judgment of one’s capability to accomplish a certain level of performance. People who have a high sense of self-efficacy tend to pursue challenging goals that may be outside the reach of the average person. People with a strong sense of self-efficacy, therefore, may be more willing to step outside the culturally prescribed behaviors to attempt tasks or goals for which success is viewed as improbable by the majority of social actors in a setting. For these individuals, . For example, Australians tend to endorse the “Tall Poppy Syndrome.” This saying suggests that any “poppy” that outgrows the others in a field will get “cut down;” in other words, any overachiever will eventually fail. Interviews and observations suggest that it is the high self-efficacy Australians who step outside this culturally prescribed behavior to actually achieve beyond average. [3점] * self-efficacy: 자기 효능감 ** endorse: 지지하다 ① self-efficacy is not easy to define ② culture will have little or no impact on behavior ③ setting a goal is important before starting a task ④ high self-efficacy is a typical quality of Australians ⑤ judging the reaction from the community will be hard 이 문제지에 관한 저작권은 한국교육과정평가원에 있습니다. 6 6 8 33. Theorists of the novel commonly define the genre as a biographical form that came to prominence in the late eighteenth and nineteenth centuries as a replacement for traditional sources of cultural authority. The novel, Georg Lukács argues, “seeks, by giving form, to uncover and construct the concealed totality of life” in the interiorized life story of its heroes. The typical plot of the novel is the protagonist’s quest for authority within, therefore, when that authority can no longer be discovered outside. By this accounting, there are no objective goals in novels, only the subjective goal of seeking the law that is necessarily created by the individual. The distinctions between crime and heroism, therefore, or between madness and wisdom, become purely subjective ones in a novel, judged by the quality or complexity of the individual’s consciousness. [3점] ① to establish the individual character ② to cast doubt on the identity of a criminal ③ to highlight the complex structure of social consciousness ④ to make the objective distinction between crime and heroism ⑤ to develop the inner self of a hero into a collective wisdom 34. Rules can be thought of as formal types of game cues. They tell us the structure of the test, that is, what should be accomplished and how we should accomplish it. In this sense, . Only within the rules of the game of, say, basketball or baseball do the activities of jump shooting and fielding ground balls make sense and take on value. It is precisely the artificiality created by the rules, the distinctive problem to be solved, that gives sport its special meaning. That is why getting a basketball through a hoop while not using a ladder or pitching a baseball across home plate while standing a certain distance away becomes an important human project. It appears that respecting the rules not only preserves sport but also makes room for the creation of excellence and the emergence of meaning. Engaging in acts that would be considered inconsequential in ordinary life also liberates us a bit, making it possible to explore our capabilities in a protected environment. [3점] * inconsequential: 중요하지 않은 ① rules prevent sports from developing a special meaning ② rules create a problem that is artificial yet intelligible ③ game structures can apply to other areas ④ sports become similar to real life due to rules ⑤ game cues are provided by player and spectator interaction 35. 다음 글에서 전체 흐름과 관계 없는 문장은? While being an introvert comes with its challenges, it definitely has its advantages as well. For example, an introvert is far less likely to make a mistake in a social situation, such as inadvertently insulting another person whose opinion is not agreeable. ① An introvert would enjoy reflecting on their thoughts, and thus would be far less likely to suffer from boredom without outside stimulation. ② The only risk that you will face as an introvert is that people who do not know you may think that you are aloof or that you think you are better than them. ③ If you learn how to open up just a little bit with your opinions and thoughts, you will be able to thrive in both worlds. ④ An introvert may prefer online to in-person communication, as you do when feeling temporarily uncertain with your relationships. ⑤ You can then stay true to your personality without appearing to be antisocial. * inadvertently: 무심코 ** aloof: 냉담한 [36～37] 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. 36. A carbon sink is a natural feature that absorbs or stores more carbon than it releases. (A) Carbon sinks have been able to absorb about half of this excess CO2, and the world’s oceans have done the major part of that job. They absorb about one-fourth of humans’ industrial carbon emissions, doing half the work of all Earth’s carbon sinks combined. (B) Its mass of plants and other organic material absorb and store tons of carbon. However, the planet’s major carbon sink is its oceans. Since the Industrial Revolution began in the eighteenth century, CO2 released during industrial processes has greatly increased the proportion of carbon in the atmosphere. (C) The value of carbon sinks is that they can help create equilibrium in the atmosphere by removing excess CO2. One example of a carbon sink is a large forest. * equilibrium: 평형 상태 ① (A) － (C) － (B) ② (B) － (A) － (C) ③ (B) － (C) － (A) ④ (C) － (A) － (B) ⑤ (C) － (B) － (A) 이 문제지에 관한 저작권은 한국교육과정평가원에 있습니다. 7 7 8 37. Promoting attractive images of one’s country is not new, but the conditions for trying to create soft power have changed dramatically in recent years. For one thing, nearly half the countries in the world are now democracies. (A) Technological advances have led to a dramatic reduction in the cost of processing and transmitting information. The result is an explosion of information, and that has produced a “paradox of plenty.” Plentiful information leads to scarcity of attention. (B) In such circumstances, diplomacy aimed at public opinion can become as important to outcomes as traditional classified diplomatic communications among leaders. Information creates power, and today a much larger part of the world’s population has access to that power. (C) When people are overwhelmed with the volume of information confronting them, they have difficulty knowing what to focus on. Attention, rather than information, becomes the scarce resource, and those who can distinguish valuable information from background clutter gain power. [3점] * clutter: 혼란 ① (A) － (C) － (B) ② (B) － (A) － (C) ③ (B) － (C) － (A) ④ (C) － (A) － (B) ⑤ (C) － (B) － (A) [38～39] 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절한 곳을 고르시오. 38. There is a considerable difference as to whether people watch a film about the Himalayas on television and become excited by the ‘untouched nature’ of the majestic mountain peaks, or whether they get up and go on a trek to Nepal. Tourism takes place simultaneously in the realm of the imagination and that of the physical world. In contrast to literature or film, it leads to ‘real’, tangible worlds, while nevertheless remaining tied to the sphere of fantasies, dreams, wishes ― and myth. It thereby allows the ritual enactment of mythological ideas. ( ① ) Even in the latter case, they remain, at least partly, in an imaginary world. ( ② ) They experience moments that they have already seen at home in books, brochures and films. ( ③ ) Their notions of untouched nature and friendly, innocent indigenous people will probably be confirmed. ( ④ ) But now this confirmation is anchored in a physical experience. ( ⑤ ) The myth is thus transmitted in a much more powerful way than by television, movies or books. * indigenous: 토착의 39. There are also clinical cases that show the flip side of this coin. Humans can tell lies with their faces. Although some are specifically trained to detect lies from facial expressions, the average person is often misled into believing false and manipulated facial emotions. One reason for this is that we are “two-faced.” By this I mean that we have two different neural systems that manipulate our facial muscles. ( ① ) One neural system is under voluntary control and the other works under involuntary control. ( ② ) There are reported cases of individuals who have damaged the neural system that controls voluntary expressions. ( ③ ) They still have facial expressions, but are incapable of producing deceitful ones. ( ④ ) The emotion that you see is the emotion they are feeling, since they have lost the needed voluntary control to produce false facial expressions. ( ⑤ ) These people have injured the system that controls their involuntary expressions, so that the only changes in their demeanor you will see are actually willed expressions. * demeanor: 태도, 표정 40. 다음 글의 내용을 한 문장으로 요약하고자 한다. 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은? In some subject areas, topics build on one another in a hierarchical fashion, so that a learner must almost certainly master one topic before moving to the next. For example, an elementary school student should probably master principles of addition before moving to multiplication, because multiplication is an extension of addition. Similarly, a medical student must have expertise in human anatomy before studying surgical techniques: It’s difficult to perform an appendectomy if you can’t find the appendix. Vertical transfer refers to such situations: A learner acquires new knowledge or skills by building on more basic information and procedures. In other cases, knowledge of one topic may affect learning a second topic even though the first isn’t a necessary condition for the second. Knowledge of French isn’t essential for learning Spanish, yet knowing French can help with Spanish because many words are similar in the two languages. When knowledge of the first topic is helpful but not essential to learning the second one, lateral transfer is occurring. * appendectomy: 맹장 수술 󰀻 In vertical transfer, lower level knowledge is (A) before one proceeds to a higher level; however, in the case of lateral transfer, (B) knowledge can be helpful, but it is not required. (A) (B) ① essential …… prior ② practical …… detailed ③ useless …… relevant ④ practical …… independent ⑤ essential …… unbiased 이 문제지에 관한 저작권은 한국교육과정평가원에 있습니다. 8 8 8 [41～42] 다음 글을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오. By the turn of the twentieth century, the permanent repertoire of musical classics dominated almost every field of concert music, from piano, song, or chamber music recitals to operas and orchestral concerts. The (a) change from a century before was enormous. In the eighteenth century, performers and listeners demanded new music all the time, and “ancient music” included anything written more than twenty years earlier. But musicians and audiences in the early 1900s (b) expected that most concert music they performed or heard would be at least a generation old, and they judged new music by the standards of the classics already enshrined in the repertoire. In essence, concert halls and opera houses had become museums for displaying the musical artworks of the past two hundred years. The repertoire varied according to the performing medium and from region to region, but the core was largely the (c) same throughout most of Europe and the Americas, including operas and operatic excerpts from Mozart through Verdi, Wagner, and Bizet; orchestral and chamber music from Haydn through the late Romantics; and keyboard music by J. S. Bach, Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven, and prominent nineteenth-century composers. Living composers increasingly found themselves in competition with the music of the past. This is the great theme of modern music in the classical tradition, especially in the first half of the century: in competing with past composers for the attention of performers and listeners who (d) disregarded the classical masterworks, living composers sought to secure a place for themselves by offering something new and distinctive while continuing the tradition. They combined individuality and innovation with emulation of the past, seeking to write music that would be considered original and worthy of performance alongside the masterworks of (e) earlier times. * enshrine: 소중히 하다 ** excerpt: 발췌곡 *** emulation: 경쟁, 모방 41. 윗글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은? ① Increasing the Gap Between Composers and Listeners ② Within or Beyond Classical Music Heritage ③ Classical Music: Healing the World ④ Lost in the Past: The End of Masterpieces ⑤ Classical Composition in the Nineteenth Century 42. 밑줄 친 (a)～(e) 중에서 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 않은 것은? [3점] ① (a) ② (b) ③ (c) ④ (d) ⑤ (e) [43～45] 다음 글을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오. (A) Princess, a solid Boxer, had been given to Rita when she was ten weeks old, and Rita immediately bonded with (a) her, petting her, feeding her, teaching her basic commands, and letting her sleep on Rita’s bed. The two were always together and within arm’s reach. The only time they were apart was when Rita was learning to swim. Princess had a fear of water that was so extreme that she couldn’t even touch the water. * Boxer: 복서(개의 한 품종) (B) Upon hearing Rita’s cry, her mother rushed to the railing, shouting for help, from the entrance of the store a hundred feet or so away. Princess was looking at the water and trembling in fear. (b) She stood there staring at the water ― the one thing that had nearly taken her life. Her love for Rita overpowered her fear and she leapt out through the same open space in the railing and plunged into the water. Once in the water, Princess quickly found Rita and slowly dragged her to the shore to her grateful mother. (C) Princess’ fears stemmed from her puppyhood when (c) she almost drowned twice. These early traumas made water the only thing that Princess truly feared. When (d) she came close to a body of water, she would try to pull back and seemed emotionally distressed. Would she ever be able to overcome this fear? She had a chance one late afternoon when Rita’s mother took them to a shopping mall. (D) It was located along the edge of a lake and featured a wooden boardwalk which was built along the shore. While her mother headed to a store, Rita and Princess began to play on the boardwalk. Suddenly, a boy riding a bicycle slipped on the damp wooden surface, hitting Rita at an angle, which propelled her through an open section of the guard rail. (e) She let out a scream of pain and fear as she fell into the water. She then continued to cry for help and struggle to get out. 43. 주어진 글 (A)에 이어질 내용을 순서에 맞게 배열한 것으로 가장 적절한 것은? ① (B) － (D) － (C) ② (C) － (B) － (D) ③ (C) － (D) － (B) ④ (D) － (B) － (C) ⑤ (D) － (C) － (B) 44. 밑줄 친 (a)～(e) 중에서 가리키는 대상이 나머지 넷과 다른 것은? ① (a) ② (b) ③ (c) ④ (d) ⑤ (e) 45. 윗글에 관한 내용으로 적절하지 않은 것은? ① Rita는 수영을 배울 때를 제외하고 Princess와 항상 함께했다. ② Princess가 사고를 당하자 Rita의 어머니는 도움을 요청했다. ③ Princess는 Rita에 대한 사랑으로 물에 대한 두려움을 극복했다. ④ Rita의 어머니는 Rita와 Princess를 쇼핑몰에 데려갔다. ⑤ Rita와 Princess는 호숫가 산책로에서 놀고 있었다. * 확인 사항 ◦답안지의 해당란에 필요한 내용을 정확히 기입(표기)했는지 확인 하시오. 이 문제지에 관한 저작권은 한국교육과정평가원에 있습니다.