2016 국가직 7급 영어 문제 해설 - 2016.8.27.

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영 어 2 책형 1 쪽 영 어 문 1. 밑줄 친 부분에 들어갈 가장 적절한 것은? Most people acknowledge that being ethical means being fair and reasonable and not being ________. ① greedy ② altruistic ③ weary ④ skeptical ※ 밑줄 친 부분과 의미가 가장 가까운 것을 고르시오. [문 2 ～ 문 3] 문 2. Reforms enacted in some states have already taken effect, whereas in other states, reforms legislation is shelved. ① pending ② hasty ③ precise ④ divisible 문 3. There is no need to make the final decision today. Why don't you go home and sleep on it? ① take a day off to sleep late ② take time to think about it ③ take it for granted ④ take a good rest ※ 밑줄 친 부분에 들어갈 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. [문 4 ～ 문 5] 문 4. A : Why didn't you answer my calls? I really wanted to talk to you. B : I am sorry, but I think we need some time apart. A : What do you mean? Do you want to break up with me? B : No, ______________________. I still love you very much, but I just want to be by myself for a while. ① don't reject me ② don't get me wrong ③ don't lean on me ④ don't leave me behind 문 5. A : You have just seen all the cars you were interested in. Is there a particular model you like? B : Well, I do like the red one I saw at first, especially the exterior with its radiant color. A : So, would you like to test-drive that one? B : Maybe... but I'm just a little concerned about the leg room. A : __________________________________________ B : Well, I don't think it is spacious enough for my family. A : If you feel that way, we could try out a different one. B : Why not? I am open to your suggestions. ① What seems to be the problem with the exterior? ② Do you want to try out a different color? ③ Perhaps you want to test-drive the red one? ④ Do you think it is too small for you? ※ 밑줄 친 부분 중 어법상 옳지 않은 것을 고르시오. [문 6 ～ 문 7] 문 6. The corals are the foundation of an ecosystem ①increasingly damaging by fishing nets, but scientists know ②very little about the ③ slow-growing life-forms because they are somewhat difficult ④ to reach. 문 7. Much of the debate over police drones in the United States ① has been over privacy. However, a new concern has come to light: the threat of hackers. Last year, security researcher Nils Rodday claimed he could take over a drone that ② cost between $ 30,000 and $ 35,000 ③ used just a laptop and forty dollars' ④ worth of special equipment. ※ 어법상 옳지 않은 것을 고르시오. [문 8 ～ 문 9] 문 8. ① I met a student yesterday in the cafeteria who said she knew you. ② Even though Tim is your friend, he isn't to be trusted with other people's money. ③ We suggest you to take a copy of the final invoice along with your travel documents. ④ Surprisingly, she didn't have any objections to make to the proposal. 문 9. ① Hardly had the new recruits started training when they were sent into battle. ② Disagreements over the treaty arose among the indigenous peoples of Africa. ③ If I had enough money, I would have bought a fancy yacht. ④ Do you want me to come with you, or do you want to go alone? 문 10. 우리말을 영어로 가장 잘 옮긴 것은? ① 어떤 교수의 스타일에 적응하는 데는 항상 시간이 좀 걸린다. → Time always takes little to tune in on a professor's style. ② 나는 마지막 순간까지 기다렸다가 밤을 새우는 데 익숙해있다. → I'm used to waiting until the last minute and staying up all night. ③ 그 수학 문제는 너무 어려워서 그 학생이 답을 할 수 없었다. → The math question was too tough for the student to answer it. ④ 나는 너무 많은 시간의 힘든 일로 정말 지쳤다. → Too many hours of hard work really tired of me. 문 11. 우리말을 영어로 잘못 옮긴 것은? ① 많은 사람들이 아파서 회의가 취소되었다. → With many people ill, the meeting was cancelled. ② 이것은 우리가 예상했던 것만큼 그렇게 간단한 문제는 아니다. → It is not so straightforward a problem as we expected. ③ 학생들이 몇 개의 가방을 가지고 탑승할 건가요? → How many bags are the students carrying on board with them? ④ 아무런 해명도 없었다. 사과는 말할 것도 없고. → No explanation was offered, still more an apology. 영 어 2 책형 2 쪽 문 12. 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은? Can you imagine anyone choosing to live without money in our consumer society? Well, that's exactly what Franz Schmidt has been doing since he quit his job as a psychotherapist and gave away all his possessions. This 75-year-old father of three and grandfather of four has chosen to live a simple life without the pressure to buy and own. Schmidt has thought about possession and value since he was a young boy. Schmidt and his family had to leave all their possessions during World War Ⅱ to flee from the Russian forces in Memel. They could not take anything with them, and this made a great impression on him. Schmidt knew what it was like to be penniless and he learned from experience that possessions are not what give a person value. Schmidt moved to Heidelberg, a major city in Germany, with his wife and three children in the nineties, and was so shocked by the homelessness of the poor in the neighborhood that he decided to open a swap shop called Share. Members of this group swap things and skills without money. What amazed Schmidt was not only how people's needs could be met, but also how much the participants benefited from the social aspect of their contact. This experience deeply moved not only Schmidt, but other people as well. ① He used to work in the mental health care field. ② He and his family left Memel very poor during World War Ⅱ. ③ He moved to Heidelberg in Germany with his family. ④ He opened a swap shop where people could buy items at low prices. 문 13. 글의 내용과 일치하는 것은? A new study reports that the cleaner air has been accompanied by a significant decrease in childhood lung problems. The study used data on ozone, nitrogen dioxide and particulate matter for each year. Parents also provided regular updates about symptoms like coughing and phlegm production in their children. Among children with asthma, air-pollution reduction was consistently associated with reductions in respiratory symptoms. For example, in children with asthma, reductions in fine particulate matter were associated with a 32-percent reduction in symptoms, while lower levels of ozone were linked to a 21-percent reduction. The associations were weaker, but still significant, in children without asthma. “Clearly, the reduction in air pollution levels have translated into improvements in respiratory health,” said Kiros Berhane, a professor of preventive medicine at the University of Southern California. “Especially for parents of children with asthma, this is very good news, but we see significant improvement in children without asthma as well.” ① A high level of fine particulate matter contributed to the reduction in respiratory symptoms. ② Children with asthma were more influenced by the clean air than children without asthma. ③ The study showed that regular updates on asthma patients decreased lung problems. ④ Data about children with respiratory disease were excluded in the study. 문 14. 다음 내용에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은? On November 2, 1988, thousands of computers connected to the Internet began to slow down. Many eventually ground to a temporary halt. No data were destroyed, but a lot of computing time was lost as computer system administrators fought to regain control of their machines. [A] There it hid itself and passed around misleading information that made it harder to detect and counteract. Within a few days The New York Times identified the hacker as Robert Morris, Jr., a twenty-three-year old graduate student at Cornell University. [B] The cause turned out to be a mischievous computer program called a “worm” that was spreading from one computer to another on the network, replicating as it went. The worm used an unnoticed “back door” in the system's software to directly access the memory of the computers it was attacking. [C] He later testified that he had designed and then unleashed the worm to see how many computers it would reach but that a mistake in his programming had caused the worm to replicate far faster than he had expected. ① [A] － [B] － [C] ② [A] － [C] － [B] ③ [B] － [A] － [C] ④ [B] － [C] － [A] 문 15. 다음 글에서 전체 흐름에 부합하지 않는 문장은? Eating seasonally and locally is a great way to maintain a healthy diet, observes a veteran food consultant and Korea's first accredited vegetable sommelier. “To me, superfoods are local foods grown in season. They taste better, are cheaper and rich in nutrition,” E. K. Kim, president of the Korea Vegetable Sommelier Association, said. ㉠If consumers buy produce which is not in season, it is likely to have been grown in artificial conditions, or picked prematurely and transported long distances. ㉡ All these factors not only affect the taste, but also the nutritional content. “Imagine how an apple tree grows. It starts to bud first, bears fruits and then its root remains in the end. It is a good example of seasonal food. Spring is the time for leafy vegetables, summer for fruit vegetables and winter for root crops,” the food expert said. ㉢ She emphasized the health benefits of local foods in comparison with exotic superfoods introduced by foreign food experts. “For example, Korean spring greens help to cure spring fever as they are rich in vitamin B-1 and C,” she said. ㉣ Since sommeliers help consumers understand the intricacies of selection, preparation and nutritional value of vegetables, the government needs to promote their role to the public. “People tend to think that superfoods should be exotic and imported from overseas. In fact, there are various kinds of local foods which are packed with an equivalent or even higher level of nutrients,” she added. ① ㉠ ② ㉡ ③ ㉢ ④ ㉣ 영 어 2 책형 3 쪽 문 16. 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은? If you're faced with a complicated problem, it is very tempting to chop it up into a lot of simple problems, and then knock them off one by one. It is sometimes claimed that if you have solved all the simple problems you've solved the whole thing. That's reductionism in a nutshell. And as a methodology it works extremely well. In my discipline, which is physics, it's had some amazing successes. Look at the world about us, just see how complicated it is, the richness and diversity of nature. How are we ever to come to understand it? Well, a good way to start is by breaking it up into small bite-sized pieces. One example is atomism. The belief that the entire universe is made up of atoms, or some sort of fundamental particles, and that everything that happens in nature is just the rearrangement of these particles, has proved extraordinarily fruitful. Once you focus down to the level of individual atoms you can work out all the laws and principles that govern them. You can figure out in detail what they are doing. It's then tempting to believe that if you understand individual atoms and the way they interact, you understand everything. ① Application of Reductionism to Problem Solving ② Cooperative Relationships between Reductionism and Atomism ③ Importance of Taking a Comprehensive Approach to Problems ④ Superiority of Physics over Other Science Disciplines ※ 밑줄 친 부분에 들어갈 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. [문 17 ～ 문 20] 문 17. When the Inuit first explored the Arctic in their kayaks, they faced freezing temperatures, angry polar bears and the risk of being crushed between shifting ice flows. ______________, kayaking in Asia is a much more pleasant affair. The highly mobile craft－now made of fiberglass and plastic rather than the traditional sealskin－is a handy vehicle for exploring Asia's tiny islands and hidden beaches, and a growing number of adventure travel companies are offering trips that don't require exceptional courage. ① By comparison ② In addition ③ In particular ④ At first glance 문 18. In recent decades women's participation in waged labour has risen in virtually every country in the world as capitalist industrialization has pushed more women to join the workforce. There are still, however, considerable _____________________ in the proportion of women who are in the labour force, as comparative statistics collected by the International Labour Organization reveal. Although the bases of comparison are not always entirely compatible and the years of collection vary somewhat, in the early to mid 1990s, women's labour market participation in Western countries varied from a high of 78 % for women of working age in Denmark to only 43 % in Spain. Participation rates in the ‘rest’ of the world are even more varied. Extremely low rates are still common in parts of Africa. ① geographical variations ② waged employment ③ empirical case studies ④ shared risks and hardship at work 문 19. Hay fever is a seasonal allergy to pollens; the term “hay fever,” however, is a (A) than adequate description since such an attack of this allergy does not incur fever and since such an attack can be brought on by sources other than hay-producing grasses. Hay fever is generally caused by air-borne pollens, particularly ragweed pollen. The amount of pollen in the air is largely dependent on region, weather, and season. In the eastern section of the United States, for example, there are generally three periods when pollen from various sources can cause intense hay fever suffering: in the springtime months of March and April when pollen from trees is (B) , in the summer months of June and July when grass pollen fills the air, and at the end of August when ragweed pollen is at its most concentrated levels. (A) (B) ① more exceptional ② less scarce ③ more rampant ④ less prevalent 문 20. About a decade ago, a neuroscientist Lesley J. Rogers discovered that if she exposed embryos to light or to dark before they are hatched, she could control whether the two halves of the duckling brains developed their specializations for visual processing—that is, whether the ducklings hatched with weakly or strongly lateralized brains. Rogers then compared normal, strongly lateralized ducklings with weakly lateralized chicks on two tasks. One task was to sort food grains from small pebbles (usually a job for the left hemisphere); the other task was to respond to a model of a predator (a cutout in the shape of a hawk) that was passed over the ducklings (usually a task for the right hemisphere). The weakly lateralized ducklings had no trouble learning to tell grains from pebbles when no model hawk was present. But when the hawk “flew” overhead, they frequently failed to detect it and they were much slower than normal ducklings in learning to peck at grains instead of pebbles. In short, without the lateral specializations of their brain, the weakly lateralized ducklings ______________________________. ① showed that their brain was about half of the normal size ② could not attend to two tasks simultaneously ③ had their right brain more activated to complete the jobs ④ were observed to have restored their sense of sight