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 2023년도 지방공무원 9급 등 공개경쟁임용 필기시험 영 어 책형 1쪽 영 어 [1 ～ 4] 밑줄 친 부분의 의미와 가장 가까운 것을 고르시오. 1. Further explanations on our project will be given in subsequent presentations. ① required ② following ③ advanced ④ supplementary 2. Folkways are customs that members of a group are expected to follow to show courtesy to others. For example, saying “excuse me” when you sneeze is an American folkway. ① charity ② humility ③ boldness ④ politeness 3. These children have been brought up on a diet of healthy food. ① raised ② advised ③ observed ④ controlled 4. Slavery was not done away with until the nineteenth century in the U.S. ① abolished ② consented ③ criticized ④ justified 5. 밑줄 친 부분에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은? Voters demanded that there should be greater _________ in the election process so that they could see and understand it clearly. ① deception ② flexibility ③ competition ④ transparency 6. 밑줄 친 부분 중 어법상 옳지 않은 것은? One reason for upsets in sports—① in which the team ②predicted to win and supposedly superior to their opponents surprisingly loses the contest—is ③ what the superior team may not have perceived their opponents as ④ threatening to their continued success. 7. 밑줄 친 부분이 어법상 옳지 않은 것은? ① I should have gone this morning, but I was feeling a bit ill. ② These days we do not save as much money as we used to. ③ The rescue squad was happy to discover an alive man. ④ The picture was looked at carefully by the art critic. 8. 우리말을 영어로 잘못 옮긴 것은? ① 우리는 그의 연설에 감동하게 되었다. → We were made touching with his speech. ② 비용은 차치하고 그 계획은 훌륭한 것이었다. → Apart from its cost, the plan was a good one. ③ 그들은 뜨거운 차를 마시는 동안에 일몰을 보았다. → They watched the sunset while drinking hot tea. ④ 과거 경력 덕분에 그는 그 프로젝트에 적합하였다. → His past experience made him suited for the project. [9 ～ 10] 밑줄 친 부분에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. 9. A: Pardon me, but could you give me a hand, please? B: ________________________________________________ A: I’m trying to find the Personnel Department. I have an appointment at 10. B: It’s on the third floor. A: How can I get up there? B: Take the elevator around the corner. ① We have no idea how to handle this situation. ② Would you mind telling us who is in charge? ③ Yes. I could use some help around here. ④ Sure. Can I help you with anything? 10. A: You were the last one who left the office, weren’t you? B: Yes. Is there any problem? A: I found the office lights and air conditioners on this morning. B: Really? Oh, no. Maybe I forgot to turn them off last night. A: Probably they were on all night. B: ________________________________________________ ① Don’t worry. This machine is working fine. ② That’s right. Everyone likes to work with you. ③ I’m sorry. I promise I’ll be more careful from now on. ④ Too bad. You must be tired because you get off work too late. 2023년도 지방공무원 9급 등 공개경쟁임용 필기시험 영 어 책형 2쪽 11. 두 사람의 대화 중 자연스럽지 않은 것은? ① A: How would you like your hair done? B: I’m a little tired of my hair color. I’d like to dye it. ② A: What can we do to slow down global warming? B: First of all, we can use more public transportation. ③ A: Anna, is that you? Long time no see! How long has it been? B: It took me about an hour and a half by car. ④ A: I’m worried about Paul. He looks unhappy. What should I do? B: If I were you, I’d wait until he talks about his troubles. 12. 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은? Well-known author Daniel Goleman has dedicated his life to the science of human relationships. In his book Social Intelligence he discusses results from neuro-sociology to explain how sociable our brains are. According to Goleman, we are drawn to other people’s brains whenever we engage with another person. The human need for meaningful connectivity with others, in order to deepen our relationships, is what we all crave, and yet there are countless articles and studies suggesting that we are lonelier than we ever have been and loneliness is now a world health epidemic. Specifically, in Australia, according to a national Lifeline survey, more than 80 % of those surveyed believe our society is becoming a lonelier place. Yet, our brains crave human interaction. ① Lonely People ② Sociable Brains ③ Need for Mental Health Survey ④ Dangers of Human Connectivity 13. 다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은? Certainly some people are born with advantages (e.g., physical size for jockeys, height for basketball players, an “ear” for music for musicians). Yet only dedication to mindful, deliberate practice over many years can turn those advantages into talents and those talents into successes. Through the same kind of dedicated practice, people who are not born with such advantages can develop talents that nature put a little farther from their reach. For example, even though you may feel that you weren’t born with a talent for math, you can significantly increase your mathematical abilities through mindful, deliberate practice. Or, if you consider yourself “naturally” shy, putting in the time and effort to develop your social skills can enable you to interact with people at social occasions with energy, grace, and ease. ① advantages some people have over others ② importance of constant efforts to cultivate talents ③ difficulties shy people have in social interactions ④ need to understand one’s own strengths and weaknesses 14. 다음 글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은? Dr. Roossinck and her colleagues found by chance that a virus increased resistance to drought on a plant that is widely used in botanical experiments. Their further experiments with a related virus showed that was true of 15 other plant species, too. Dr. Roossinck is now doing experiments to study another type of virus that increases heat tolerance in a range of plants. She hopes to extend her research to have a deeper understanding of the advantages that different sorts of viruses give to their hosts. That would help to support a view which is held by an increasing number of biologists, that many creatures rely on symbiosis, rather than being self-sufficient. ① Viruses demonstrate self-sufficiency of biological beings. ② Biologists should do everything to keep plants virus-free. ③ The principle of symbiosis cannot be applied to infected plants. ④ Viruses sometimes do their hosts good, rather than harming them. 15. 다음 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은? The traditional way of making maple syrup is interesting. A sugar maple tree produces a watery sap each spring, when there is still lots of snow on the ground. To take the sap out of the sugar maple tree, a farmer makes a slit in the bark with a special knife, and puts a “tap” on the tree. Then the farmer hangs a bucket from the tap, and the sap drips into it. That sap is collected and boiled until a sweet syrup remains—forty gallons of sugar maple tree “water” make one gallon of syrup. That’s a lot of buckets, a lot of steam, and a lot of work. Even so, most of maple syrup producers are family farmers who collect the buckets by hand and boil the sap into syrup themselves. ① 사탕단풍나무에서는 매년 봄에 수액이 생긴다. ② 사탕단풍나무의 수액을 얻기 위해 나무껍질에 틈새를 만든다. ③ 단풍나무시럽 1갤론을 만들려면 수액 40갤론이 필요하다. ④ 단풍나무시럽을 만들기 위해 기계로 수액 통을 수거한다. 16. 다음 글의 흐름상 어색한 문장은? I once took a course in short-story writing and during that course a renowned editor of a leading magazine talked to our class. ① He said he could pick up any one of the dozens of stories that came to his desk every day and after reading a few paragraphs he could feel whether or not the author liked people. ② “If the author doesn’t like people,” he said, “people won’t like his or her stories.” ③ The editor kept stressing the importance of being interested in people during his talk on fiction writing. ④Thurston, a great magician, said that every time he went on stage he said to himself, “I am grateful because I’m successful.” At the end of the talk, he concluded, “Let me tell you again. You have to be interested in people if you want to be a successful writer of stories.” 2023년도 지방공무원 9급 등 공개경쟁임용 필기시험 영 어 책형 3쪽 17. 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은? Just a few years ago, every conversation about artificial intelligence (AI) seemed to end with an apocalyptic prediction. (A) More recently, however, things have begun to change. AI has gone from being a scary black box to something people can use for a variety of use cases. (B) In 2014, an expert in the field said that, with AI, we are summoning the demon, while a Nobel Prize winning physicist said that AI could spell the end of the human race. (C) This shift is because these technologies are finally being explored at scale in the industry, particularly for market opportunities. ① (A) － (B) － (C) ② (B) － (A) － (C) ③ (B) － (C) － (A) ④ (C) － (A) － (B) 18. 주어진 문장이 들어갈 위치로 가장 적절한 것은? Yet, requests for such self-assessments are pervasive throughout one’s career. The fiscal quarter just ended. Your boss comes by to ask you how well you performed in terms of sales this quarter. How do you describe your performance? As excellent? Good? Terrible? ( ① ) Unlike when someone asks you about an objective performance metric (e.g., how many dollars in sales you brought in this quarter), how to subjectively describe your performance is often unclear. There is no right answer. ( ② ) You are asked to subjectively describe your own performance in school applications, in job applications, in interviews, in performance reviews, in meetings—the list goes on. ( ③ ) How you describe your performance is what we call your level of self-promotion. ( ④ ) Since self-promotion is a pervasive part of work, people who do more self-promotion may have better chances of being hired, being promoted, and getting a raise or a bonus. [19 ～ 20] 밑줄 친 부분에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. 19. We live in the age of anxiety. Because being anxious can be an uncomfortable and scary experience, we resort to conscious or unconscious strategies that help reduce anxiety in the moment—watching a movie or TV show, eating, video-game playing, and overworking. In addition, smartphones also provide a distraction any time of the day or night. Psychological research has shown that distractions serve as a common anxiety avoidance strategy. _________, however, these avoidance strategies make anxiety worse in the long run. Being anxious is like getting into quicksand—the more you fight it, the deeper you sink. Indeed, research strongly supports a well-known phrase that “What you resist, persists.” ① Paradoxically ② Fortunately ③ Neutrally ④ Creatively 20. How many different ways do you get information? Some people might have six different kinds of communications to answer—text messages, voice mails, paper documents, regular mail, blog posts, messages on different online services. Each of these is a type of in-box, and each must be processed on a continuous basis. It’s an endless process, but it doesn’t have to be exhausting or stressful. Getting your information management down to a more manageable level and into a productive zone starts by ____________________________. Every place you have to go to check your messages or to read your incoming information is an in-box, and the more you have, the harder it is to manage everything. Cut the number of in-boxes you have down to the smallest number possible for you still to function in the ways you need to. ① setting several goals at once ② immersing yourself in incoming information ③ minimizing the number of in-boxes you have ④ choosing information you are passionate about