2022 국회직 9급 영어 문제 정답 - 2022.8.13.

 

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 2022년도 국회사무처 시행 9급 공개경쟁채용시험 영어 - 6 - 영 어 ※ 밑줄 친 부분의 의미와 가장 가까운 것을 고르시오. (1 ∼ 4) 1. When they erupt, they release large amounts of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, thereby warming it. ① address ② decline ③ explode ④ endure ⑤ ponder 2. Meeting in Germany, leaders of the Group of Seven industrialized countries reiterated their commitment to helping Ukraine win the war this week and added new sanctions on Russia, including a cap on the price of Russian oil exports. ① embargoes ② provisions ③ commodities ④ commitments ⑤ engagements 3. In general, young people often develop antagonistic feelings toward each other when competing for grades. ① extravagant ② sympathetic ③ unbearable ④ aboriginal ⑤ hostile 4. Scientists attach great importance to the human capacity for spoken language. But we also have a parallel track of nonverbal communication, and those messages may reveal more than our carefully chosen words and sometimes be at odds with them. ① in harmony with ② incongruent with ③ indispensable to ④ indifferent to ⑤ in favor of 5. 밑줄 친 부분에 들어갈 단어로 가장 적절한 것은? Movies that are “restricted” to adult audiences are rated “R” and contain scenes with nudity and sex. The language in these movies contains , and the violence shown can be very graphic, usually filmed with blood and other disturbing special effects. ① profanity ② guidelines ③ penalties ④ warning ⑤ clichés ※ 밑줄 친 부분에 들어갈 표현으로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. (6 ∼7) 6. So far, around 130 students _________ suspensions, which means they are not allowed to use the library for up to 30 days. ① to give ② are given ③ have been given ④ have been giving ⑤ will have been given 7. For this reason, drones can be __________ than traditional aircraft. ① very smaller and more maneuverable ② much smaller and more maneuverable ③ much smaller and much maneuverable ④ much smaller and maneuverabler ⑤ very smaller and very maneuverable 2022년도 국회사무처 시행 9급 공개경쟁채용시험 영어 - 7 - ※ 밑줄 친 부분 중 어법상 옳지 않은 것을 고르시오. (8 ∼9) 8. The whole issue about life on other worlds ①begs the question: What is life, and how would we recognize it? Certainly, living things are made of cells (or a cell) and share three critical processes that make them ②alive. They ingest energy, excrete waste energy, and pass on their genes through reproduction. But they also respond ③to their environments. They maintain homeostasis, or internal balance. They evolve and adapt. Some living things even have evolved to the point ④which they can walk and think about the universe that surrounds them. We are literally products of the universe. Most of the atoms and molecules in our bodies were created in the engines of stars, and the energy we receive that enables life ⑤comes from our star: the Sun. 9. Validity is the most important consideration in test evaluation. The concept refers to the appropriateness, meaningfulness, and usefulness of the specific inferences ①made from test scores. Test validation is the process of accumulating evidence to back up such inferences. A variety of inferences may be made from scores produced by a ②given test, and there are many ways of accumulating evidence to ③support any particular inference. Validity, however, is a unitary concept. Although evidence may be accumulated in many ways, validity always refers to the degree to which that evidence supports the inferences that ④is made from the scores. The inferences ⑤regarding specific uses of a test are validated, not the test itself. 10. 밑줄 친 부분 중 문맥상 단어의 쓰임이 적절하지 않은 것은? Databases provided an ①efficient way to store and search for data. Organized into fields of information, the database enabled marketers to rank or select various groups of individuals from its master list of customers—a practice called “modeling.” Through this process, ②more mailings or calls needed to be made, resulting in a higher response rate and lower costs. In addition to isolating a company’s most ③profitable customers, marketers studied them, profiled them, and then used that profile to find ④similar customers. This, of course, required not only information about existing customers, but the collection of data about ⑤prospective customers as well. 11. 다음 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은? Despite such losses, Germany as a country is rich, but a recent study from the European Central Bank suggests that the typical German household is not. Astonishingly, the median household’s net assets, at €51,400, are less than those of the typical Italian, Spanish or even Greek household. These figures need careful interpretation. Households in Germany are smaller than in those countries, and their average is dragged down by the east, where 20 years ago no one had any assets to speak of. Moreover, the figures do not include pension promises. But the main reason for the poor showing is that far fewer people than in other European countries own their homes. Most households rent, and the housing stock is owned by a relatively small number of people, so Germany ends up with the most unequal distribution of household wealth in the euro zone. ① 전형적인 독일 가구가 부유하다는 최근 연구 결과가 있다. ② 한 연구에 따르면 전형적인 스페인 가구의 순자산은 독일 중위 가구의 순자산을 능가한다. ③ 유럽중앙은행의 연구가 제시한 수치는 신중한 해석이 필요하다. ④ 독일의 경우 자신의 집을 소유한 사람의 수는 다른 유럽 국가보다 적다. ⑤ 가구 재산의 분배에 있어 독일은 유로존에서 가장 불평등하다. 12. 글의 흐름상 가장 어색한 문장은? Now that we have some understanding of how language works, we can go back and try and answer the question of whether any animals have a true language. ①According to many leading scientists in the field, the answer is: maybe. Most scientists agree that human language is clearly the most complex, and that no other animal has a communication system that comes close. ②Many forms of animal communication do have some of the elements of human language. Some scientists believe that certain animals, such as primates and marine mammals, do use a type of language. ③For example, vervet monkeys have different sounds for different predators. When an alarm call is given, the monkeys know whether they should be on the lookout for an eagle, leopard, or snake. ④Monkeys aren’t the only land mammals that have a complex communication system with elements of human language in it. ⑤These monkeys are using arbitrary sounds that have agreed-upon meanings. This is a key element of language. 2022년도 국회사무처 시행 9급 공개경쟁채용시험 영어 - 8 - ※ 밑줄 친 (A)와 (B)에 들어갈 표현으로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. (13∼14) 13. A ‘cover’ is typically defined as a recording of a song that was first recorded by someone else. Something like this is given in many dictionaries and by some scholars. (A) , Albin Zak provides a glossary entry defining a ‘cover version’ as “a recording of a song that has been recorded previously by another artist.” Don Cusic writes, “the definition of a ‘cover’ song is one that has been recorded before.” Consider the song ‘Let It Be,’ written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney. Their band, the Beatles, had a hit with it when they released their version in 1970. (B) , the first released recording of the song—by a few months—was by Aretha Franklin. A website which generates its descriptions automatically labels the Beatles’ version as a cover of Franklin’s, and that is just what the usual definition would suggest. (A) (B) ① For instance Therefore ② In addition Nevertheless ③ For example However ④ For example Consequently ⑤ Moreover However 14. As the scale of economic activity has proceeded steadily upward, the scope of environmental problems triggered by that activity has transcended both (A) and (B) boundaries. When the environmental problems were smaller in scale, the nation-state used to be a sufficient form of political organization for resolving them, but is that still the case? Whereas each generation used to have the luxury of being able to satisfy its own needs without worrying about the needs of generations to come, intergenerational effects are now more prominent. Solving problems such as poverty, climate change, ozone depletion, and the loss of biodiversity requires international cooperation. Because future generations cannot speak for themselves, the current generation must speak for them. Current policies must incorporate our obligation to future generations, however difficult or imperfect that incorporation might prove to be. (A) (B) ① intercultural economic ② geographic generational ③ political sociocultural ④ ecological ethical ⑤ environmental behavioral 15. 밑줄 친 (A), (B), (C)에 들어갈 표현으로 가장 적절한 것은? Why did communicative sound take so long to evolve? Bacterial and single-celled life existed for three billion years with no known sonic signals. Although all these cells could sense water motions and vibrations, none reached out to (A) with sound. The first three hundred million years of animal evolution, too, seem to have lacked any communicative signals. No known fossil from this time has a rasp or other sound-making structure. The expert paleontologists (B) advice I sought all said that they knew of no physical evidence of sound-making structures from animals until the first cricket-and cicada-like insects evolved. Of course, the fossil record is incomplete and some sound-making structures, such as the swim bladders of fish, leave (C) or no trace in rock, and so we hear imperfectly across these great stretches of time. (A) (B) (C) ① other whose a little ② other what little ③ others whose a little ④ others what a little ⑤ others whose little 16. 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은? Eating at home is the norm for most people on most days, yet traditions of eating out go back centuries, and the practice is typical. The French do not eat outside of the home as frequently as residents of some nations with a comparable standard of living, such as the United Kingdom. Nonetheless, the trend to take meals outside of the home increases perceptibly in France, if not as quickly as in some affluent nations. Between 1970 and 1990, household spending on eating out increased 0.25 percent, and expenditure for food to be eaten at home fell by a full 7 percent. An estimate from 2004 calculated 9 billion meals out taken annually. Of these people ate 3.7 billion meals in cafeterias and other collective settings and 4.6 billion in commercial restaurants, from fine restaurants to fast-food restaurants and chains. ① Gorgeous Restaurants in Europe ② Fast-food Chains in France ③ Traditional Food of France ④ Typical French Food ⑤ Eating Out in France 2022년도 국회사무처 시행 9급 공개경쟁채용시험 영어 - 9 - 17. 다음 글의 내용과 일치하는 것은? Glass Beach was created by accident. Beginning in 1906, people were permitted to throw away their garbage in the ocean near the city. People threw away glass bottles, appliances, and even cars. In 1967, the local government made it illegal to throw away trash in the water. After this, there were many cleanup efforts to recycle the metal and the other non-biodegradable waste. However, most of the glass had already been broken into tiny pieces. The glass was too difficult to remove, so it was left in the water. Over time, the pounding waves caused the rough pieces of glass to become smooth. These green, white, and brown pieces of smooth glass began washing up on shore, creating Glass Beach. ① Glass Beach는 의도적으로 만들어졌다. ② 정부는 1906년에 바다에 쓰레기를 버리는 것을 금지했다. ③ 금속 폐기물을 재활용하기 위한 노력이 있었다. ④ 사람들은 바다에 남겨진 유리조각을 남김없이 치웠다. ⑤ 거대한 유리조각들이 Glass Beach를 관광명소로 만들었다. 18. 주어진 글 사이에 들어갈 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은? Some visual displays are meant only for members of an animal’s own species. These include mating rituals and signals that tell a group when to move to a new location. Have you ever noticed that when a flock of birds takes off, they often all leave together? (A) The only difference is that instead of using sound, one of the more dominant birds will signal to the rest of the birds using an action called an intention movement. (B) In a typical “take off” signal, one bird will raise its wings and lift off the ground a few inches. (C) It’s almost as if one of them said, “Let’s go.” In fact, this is exactly what happens. Seeing this, the birds around it will pick up the signal and pass it to the other members of the group. Within a few seconds, the whole flock lifts off and heads into the sky. ① (A) - (C) - (B) ② (B) - (A) - (C) ③ (B) - (C) - (A) ④ (C) - (A) - (B) ⑤ (C) - (B) - (A) ※ 밑줄 친 부분에 들어갈 표현으로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. (19 ∼20) 19. What counts as private information or as intrusion can vary among cultures and even within subcultures of a particular society. Whether an act is regarded as intrusion or comfortable familiarity depends on ____________________. For example, knocking on doors and waiting to be granted permission to enter is one way that privacy is respected in some cultures. In other cultures, it is acceptable for people to walk unannounced through entranceways or to enter a friend’s or family member’s home without knocking. ① the circumstances and shared understandings of those involved ② the rights and responsibilities associated with privacy ③ people’s ability to live a life without being interfered ④ the individual’s control over personal information ⑤ the efficacy of the law to protect privacy 20. Researchers at Princeton University and the University of California, Los Angeles, found that students who handwrote lecture notes rather than typing them out retained more of the information precisely because they were slowed down. A quick keyboard transcription doesn’t require critical thinking. The slower process of handwriting means not everything will be captured verbatim; instead, the brain is forced to exert more effort to capture the essence of what’s important, thus ___________________. Slowing down doesn’t mean being slow; it just means taking a few minutes to absorb what we are seeing. Details, patterns, and relationships take time to register. Nuances and new information can be missed if we rush past them. ① distracting our attention for more information ② speeding up the whole process of imagination ③ assigning our mental resources to various tasks ④ inundating the memory with too much information ⑤ committing the information more effectively to memory