2022 법원직 9급 영어 문제 해설 - 2022.6.25.

 

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 【영어 25문】 ①책형【문 1】(A), (B), (C)의 각 네모 안에서 어법에 맞는 표현으로 가장 적절한 것은? The selection of the appropriate protective clothing for any job or task (A) is / are usually dictated by an analysis or assessment of the hazards presented. The expected activities of the wearer as well as the frequency and types of exposure, are typical variables that input into this determination. For example, a firefighter is exposed to a variety of burning materials. Specialized multilayer fabric systems are thus used (B) to meet / meeting the *thermal challenges presented. This results in protective gear that is usually fairly heavy and essentially provides the highest levels of protection against any fire situation. In contrast, an industrial worker who has to work in areas (C) where / which the possibility of a flash fire exists would have a very different set of hazards and requirements. In many cases, a flame-resistant coverall worn over cotton work clothes adequately addresses the hazard. * thermal : 열의 (A) (B) (C) ① is to meet where ② is meeting which ③ are meeting where ④ are to meet which 【문 2】다음 글의 내용을 한 문장으로 요약하고자 한다. 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은? In India, approximately 360 million people—one-third of the population—live in or very close to the forests. More than half of these people live below the official poverty line, and consequently they depend crucially on the resources they obtain from the forests. The Indian government now runs programs aimed at improving their lot by involving them in the commercial management of their forests, in this way allowing them to continue to obtain the food and materials they need, but at the same time to sell forest produce. If the programs succeed, forest dwellers will be more prosperous, but they will be able to preserve their traditional way of life and culture, and the forest will be managed sustainably, so the wildlife is not depleted. ⇒ The Indian government is trying to (A) the lives of the poor who live near forests without (B) the forests. (A) (B) ① improve ruining ② control preserving ③ improve limiting ④ control enlarging 【문 3】다음 글의 내용을 한 문장으로 요약하고자 한다. 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은? In the absence of facial cues or touch during pandemic, there is a greater need to focus on other aspects of conversation, including more emphasis on tone and inflection, slowing the speed, and increasing loudness without sounding annoying. Many *nuances of the spoken word are easily missed without facial expression, so eye contact will assume an even greater importance. Some hospital workers have developed innovative ways to try to solve this problem. One of nurse specialists was deeplyconcerned that her chronically sick young patients could not see her face, so she printed off a variety of face stickers to get children to point towards. Some hospitals now also provide their patients with ‘face—sheets’ that permit easier identification of staff members, and it is always useful to reintroduce yourself and colleagues to patients when wearing masks. *nuance : 미묘한 차이, 뉘앙스Some hospitals and workers are looking for ____(A)_____ ways to ____(B)_____ conversation with patients during pandemic. (A) (B) ① alternative - complement ② bothering - analyze ③ effective - hinder ④ disturbing - improve 【문 4】주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은? Once they leave their mother, primates have to keep on making decisions about whether new foods they encounter are safe and worth collecting. (A) By the same token, if the sampler feels fine, it will reenter the tree in a few days, eat a little more, then wait again, building up to a large dose slowly. Finally, if the monkey remains healthy, the other members figure this is OK, and they adopt the new food. (B) If the plant harbors a particularly strong toxin, the sampler’s system will try to break it down, usuallymaking the monkey sick in the process. “I’ve seen this happen,” says Glander. “The other members of the troop are watching with great interest—if the animal gets sick, no other animal will go into that tree. There’s a cue being given—a social cue.” (C) Using themselves as experiment tools is one option, but social primates have found a better way. Kenneth Glander calls it “sampling.” When howler monkeys move into a new habitat, one member of the troop will go to a tree, eat a few leaves, then wait a day. ① (A) - (B) - (C) ② (B) - (A) - (C) ③ (C) - (B) - (A) ④ (C) - (A) - (B) 1교시 ①책형 전체 22-17 【영어 25문】 ①책형【문 5】다음 글의 Zainichi에 관한 내용으로 가장 일치하지 않는 것은? Following Japan's defeat in World War II, the majority of ethnic Koreans (1-1.4 million) left Japan. By 1948, the population of ethnic Koreans settled around 600,000. These Koreans and their descendants are commonly referred to as Zainichi (literally “residing in Japan”), a term that appeared in the immediate postwar years. Ethnic Koreans who remained in Japan did so for diverse reasons. Koreans who had achieved successful careers in business, the imperial bureaucracy, and the military during the colonial period or who had taken advantage of economic opportunities that opened up immediately after the war—opted to maintain their relatively privileged status in Japanese society rather than risk returning to an impoverished and politically unstable post-liberation Korea. Some Koreans who *repatriated were so repulsed by the poor conditions they observed that they decided to return to Japan. Other Koreans living in Japan could not afford the train fare to one of the departure ports, and among them who had ethnic Japanese spouses and Japanese-born, Japanese-speaking children, it made more sense to stay in Japan rather than to navigate the cultural and linguistic challenges of a new environment. * repatriate : 본국으로 송환하다 ① 주로 제2차 세계대전 이후에 일본에 남은 한국인들과 후손 을 일컫는다. ② 전쟁 후에 경제적인 이득을 취한 사람들도 있었다. ③ 어떤 사람들은 한국에 갔다가 다시 일본으로 돌아왔다. ④ 한국으로 돌아갈 교통비를 마련하지 못한 사람들은 일본인 과 결혼했다. 【문 6】다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은? There are a few jobs where people have had to . We see referees and umpires using their arms and hands to signal directions to the players —as in cricket, where a single finger upwards means that the batsman is out and has to leave the *wicket. Orchestra conductors control the musicians through their movements. People working at a distance from each other have to invent special signals if they want to communicate. So do people working in a noisy environment, such as in a factory where the machines are very loud, or lifeguards around a swimming pool full of school children. * wicket : (크리켓에서) 삼주문 ① support their parents and children ② adapt to an entirely new work style ③ fight in court for basic human rights ④ develop their signing a bit more fully 【문 7】다음 글의 내용과 가장 일치하지 않는 것은? Opponents of the use of animals in research also oppose use of animals to test the safety of drugs or other compounds. Within the pharmaceutical industry, it was noted that out of 19 chemicals known to cause cancer in humans when taken, only seven caused cancer in mice and rats using standards set by the National Cancer Instituted(Barnard and Koufman, 1997). For example, and antidepressant, nomifensin, had minimal toxicity in rats, rabbits, dogs, and monkeys yet caused liver toxicity and *anemia in humans. In these and other cases, it has been shown that some compounds have serious adverse reactions in humans that were not predicted by animal testing resulting in conditions in the treated humans that could lead to disability, or even death. And researchers who are calling for an end to animal research state that they have better methods available such as human clinical trials, observation aided by laboratory of autopsy tests. * anemia : 빈혈① 한 기관의 실험 결과 동물과 달리 19개의 발암물질 중에7 개는 인간에게 영향을 미쳤다. ② 어떤 약물은 동물 실험 때와 달리 인간에게 간독성과빈혈을 일으켰다. ③ 동물 실험에서 나타난 결과가 인간에게는 다르게 작용될수있다. ④ 동물 실험을 반대하는 연구자들은 대안적인 방법들을제시하고 있다. 【문 8】다음 중 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 가장 적절하지 않는 것은? Cold showers are any showers with a water temperature below70°F. They may have health benefits. For people with depression, cold showers can work as a kind of gentle electroshock therapy. The cold water sends many electrical impulses to your brain. They *jolt your system to ① increase alertness, clarity, and energy levels. Endorphins, which are sometimes called happiness hormones, are also released. This effect leads to feelings of well-being and ② optimism. For people that are obese, taking a cold shower 2 or 3 times per week may contribute to increased metabolism. It may help fight obesity over time. The research about how exactly cold showers help people lose weight is ③ clear. However, it does show that cold water can even out certain hormone levels and heal the **gastrointestinal system. These effects may add to the cold shower’s ability to lead to weight loss. Furthermore, when taken regularly, cold showers can make our circulatorysystem more efficient. Some people also report that their skin looks better as a result of cold showers, probably because of better circulation. Athletes have known this benefit for years, even if we have only ④ recently seen data that supports cold water for healing after a sport injury. * jolt : 갑자기 덜컥 움직이다 ** gastrointestinal : 위장의1교시 ①책형 전체 22-18 【영어 25문】 ①책형【문 9】다음 글의 내용을 한 문장으로 요약하고자 한다. 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은? Researchers have been interested in the habitual ways a single individual copes with conflict when it occurs. They’ve called this approach conflict styles. There are several apparent conflict styles, and each has its pros and cons. The collaborating style tends to solve problems in ways that maximize the chances that the best result is provided for all involved. The pluses of a collaborating style include creating trust, maintaining positive relationship, and building commitment. However, it’s time consuming and it takes a lot of energy to collaborate with another during conflict. The competing style may develop hostility in the person who doesn’t achieve their goals. However, the competing style tends to resolve a conflict quickly. The collaborating style might be used for someone who put a great value in ___(A)___ , while a person who prefers ___(B)___ may choose the competing style. (A) (B) ① financial ability interaction ② saving time peacefulness ③ mutual understanding time efficiency ④ effectiveness consistency 【문10】주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은? The historical evolution of Conflict Resolution gained momentum in the 1950s and 1960s, at the height of the Cold War, when the development of nuclear weapons and conflict between the superpowers seemed to threaten human survival. (A) The combination of analysis and practice implicit in the new ideas was not easy to reconcile with traditional scholarly institutions or the traditions of practitioners such as diplomats and politicians. (B) However, they were not taken seriously by some. The international relations profession had its own understanding of international conflict and did not see value in the new approaches as proposed. (C) A group of pioneers from different disciplines saw the value of studying conflict as a general phenomenon, with similar properties, whether it occurs in international relations, domestic politics, industrial relations, communities, or between individuals. ① (B) - (A) - (C) ② (B) - (C) - (A) ③ (C) - (A) - (B) ④ (C) - (B) - (A) 【문11】(A), (B), (C)의 각 네모 안에서 어법에 맞는 표현으로 가장 적절한 것은? The key to understanding economics is accepting (A) that / what there are always unintended consequences. Actions people take for their own good reasons have results they don’t envision or intend. The same is true with *geopolitics. It is doubtful that the village of Rome, when it started its expansion in the seventh century BC, (B) had / have a master plan for conquering the Mediterranean world five hundred years later. But the first action its inhabitants took against neighboring villages set in motion a process that was both constrained by reality and (C) filled / filling with unintended consequences. Rome wasn’t planned, and neither did it just happen. * geopolitics : 지정학(A) (B) (C) ① that had filled ② what had filling ③ what have filled ④ that have filling 【문12】다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. Water and civilization go hand-in-hand. The idea of a “*hydraulic civilization” argues that water is the unifying context and justification for many large-scale civilizations throughout history. For example, the various multi-century Chinese empires survived as long as they did in part by controlling floods along the Yellow River. One interpretation of the hydraulic theory is that the justification for gathering populations into large cities is to manage water. Another interpretation suggests that large water projects enable the rise of big cities. The Romans understood the connections between water and power, as the Roman Empire built a vast network of **aqueducts throughout land they controlled, many of which remain intact. For example, Pont du Gard in southern France stands today as a testament to humanity’s investment in its water infrastructure. Roman governors built roads, bridges, and water systems as a way of ____________________________ . * hydraulic : 수력학의 ** aqueduct : 송수로① focusing on educating young people ② prohibiting free trade in local markets ③ concentrating and strengthening their authority ④ giving up their properties to other countries 1교시 ①책형 전체 22-19 【영어 25문】 ①책형【문13】주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은? Ambiguity is so uncomfortable that it can even turn good news into bad. You go to your doctor with a persistent stomachache. Your doctor can’t figure out what the reason is, so she sends you to the lab for tests. (A) And what happens? Your immediate relief may be replaced by a weird sense of discomfort. You still don’t know what the pain was! There’s got to be an explanation somewhere. (B) A week later you’re called back to hear the results. When you finally get into her office, your doctor smiles and tells you the tests were all negative. (C) Maybe it is cancer and they’ve just missed it. Maybe it’s worse. Surely they should be able to find a cause. You feel frustrated by the lack of a definitive answer. ① (B) - (A) - (C) ② (B) - (C) - (A) ③ (C) - (A) - (B) ④ (C) - (B) - (A) 【문14】글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절한 곳은? The effect, however, was just the reverse. How we dress for work has taken on a new element of choice, and with it, new anxieties. ( ① ) The practice of having a “dress-down day” or “casual day,” which began to emerge a decade or so ago, was intended to make life easier for employees, to enable them to save money and feel more relaxed at the office. ( ② ) In addition to the normal workplace wardrobe, employees had to create a “workplace casual” *wardrobe. ( ③ ) It couldn’t really be the sweats and T-shirts you wore around the house on the weekend. ( ④ ) It had to be a selection of clothing that sustained a certain image—relaxed, but also serious. * wardrobe : 옷, 의류 【문15】다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 가장 틀린 것은? You should choose the research method ① that best suits the outcome you want. You may run a survey online that enables you to question large numbers of people and ② provides full analysis in report format, or you may think asking questions one to one is a better way to get the answers you need from a smaller test selection of people. ③ Whichever way you choose, you will need to compare like for like. Ask people the same questions and compare answers. Look for both similarities and differences. Look for patterns and trends. Deciding on a way of recording and analysing the data ④ are important. A simple self created spreadsheet may well be enough to record some basic research data. 【문16】다음 글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은? Some criminal offenders may engage in illegal behavior because they love the excitement and thrills that crime can provide. In his highly influential work Seductions of Crime, sociologist Jack Katz argues that there are immediate benefits to criminality that “seduce” people into a life of crime. For some people, shoplifting and *vandalism are attractive because getting away with crime is a thrilling demonstration of personal competence. The need for excitement may counter fear of apprehension and punishment. In fact, some offenders will deliberately seek out especially risky situations because of the added “thrill”. The need for excitement is a significant predictor of criminal choice. * vandalism : 기물 파손① 범죄를 줄이기 위해서 재소자를 상대로 한 교육이 필요하다. ② 범죄 행위에서 생기는 흥분과 쾌감이 범죄를 유발할 수있다. ③ 엄격한 형벌 제도와 법 집행을 통해 강력 범죄를 줄일 수있다. ④ 세밀하고 꼼꼼한 제도를 만들어 범죄 피해자를 도울 필요가있다. 【문17】다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은? In one classic study showing the importance of attachment, Wisconsin University psychologists Harry and Margaret Harlow investigated the responses of young monkeys. The infants were separated from their biological mothers, and two *surrogate mothers were introduced to their cages. One, the wire mother, consisted of a round wooden head, a mesh of cold metal wires, and a bottle of milk from which the baby monkey could drink. The second mother was a foam-rubber form wrapped in a heated terry-cloth blanket. The infant monkeys went to the wire mother for food, but they overwhelmingly preferred and spent significantly more time with the warm terry-cloth mother. The warm terry-cloth mother provided no food, but did provide . * surrogate : 대리의① jobs ② drugs ③ comfort ④ education 【문18】다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 가장 틀린 것은? I was released for adoption by my biological parents and ①spend the first decade of my life in orphanages. I spent manyyears thinking that something was wrong with me. If myown parents didn’t want me, who could? I tried to figure out ② what I had done wrong and why so many people sent me away. I don’t get close to anyone now because if I do theymight leave me. I had to isolate ③ myself emotionally to survive when I was a child, and I still operate on the assumptions I had as a child. I am so fearful of beingdeserted ④ that I won’t venture out and take even minimal risks. I am 40 years old now, but I still feel like a child. 1교시 ①책형 전체 22-20 【영어 25문】 ①책형【문19】다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중 어법상 가장 틀린 것은? Music can have *psychotherapeutic effects that may transfer to everyday life. A number of scholars suggested people ① to use music as psychotherapeutic agent. Music therapy can be broadly defined as being ‘the use of music as an adjunct to the treatment or rehabilitation of individuals to enhance their psychological, physical, cognitive or social ② functioning’. Positive emotional experiences from music may improve therapeutic process and thus ③ strengthen traditional cognitive/behavioral methods and their transfer to everyday goals. This may be partially because emotional experiences elicited by music and everyday behaviors ④ share overlapping neurological pathways responsible for positive emotions and motivations. * psychotherapeutic : 심리 요법의 【문20】다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은? Cultural interpretations are usually made on the basis of rather than measurable evidence. The arguments tend to be circular. People are poor because they are lazy. How do we “know” they are lazy? Because they are poor. Promoters of these interpretations rarely understand that low productivity results not from laziness and lack of effort but from lack of capital inputs to production. African farmers are not lazy, but they do lack soil nutrients, tractors, feeder roads, irrigated plots, storage facilities, and the like. Stereotypes that Africans work little and therefore are poor are put to rest immediately by spending a day in a village, where backbreaking labor by men and women is the norm. ① statistics ② prejudice ③ appearance ④ circumstances 【문21】글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절한 곳은? But the demand for food isn’t *elastic; people don’t eat more just because food is cheap. The free market has never worked in agriculture and it never will. ( ① ) The economics of a family farm are very different than a firm’s: When prices fall, the firm can lay off people and idle factories. ( ② ) Eventually the market finds a new balance between supply and demand. ( ③ ) And laying off farmers doesn’t help to reduce supply. ( ④ ) You can fire me, but you can’t fire my land, because some other farmer who needs more cash flow or thinks he’s more efficient than I am will come in and farm it. * elastic : 탄력성 있는 【문22】다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은? Daily training creates special nutritional needs for an athlete, particularly the elite athlete whose training commitment is almost a fulltime job. But even recreational sport will create nutritional challenges. And whatever your level of involvement in sport, you must meet these challenges if you’re to achieve the maximum return fromtraining. Without sound eating, much of the purpose of your training might be lost. In the worst-case scenario, dietary problems and deficiencies may directly impair training performance. In other situations, you might improve, but at a rate that is below your potential or slower than your competitors. However, on the positive side, with the right everyday eating plan your commitment to training will be fully rewarded. ① how to improve body flexibility ② importance of eating well in exercise ③ health problems caused by excessive diet ④ improving skills through continuous training 【문23】다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은? A very well-respected art historian called Ernst Gombrich wrote about something called “the beholder’s share”. It was Gombrich’s belief that a viewer “completed” the artwork, that part of an artwork’s meaning came from the person viewing it. So you see—there really are no wrong answers as it is you, as the viewer who is completing the artwork. If you’re looking at art in a gallery, read the wall text at the side of the artwork. If staff are present, ask questions. Ask your fellow visitors what they think. Asking questions is the key to understanding more—and that goes for anything in life—not just art. But above all, have confidence in front of an artwork. If you are contemplating an artwork, then you are the intended viewer and what you think matters. You are the only critic that counts. ① 미술작품의 가치는 일정 부분 정해져 있다. ② 미술 작품을 제작할 때 대중의 요구를 반영해야 한다. ③ 미술작품은 감상하는 사람으로 인하여 비로소 완성된다. ④ 미술 감상의 출발은 작가의 숨겨진 의도를 파악하는 것이다. 1교시 ①책형 전체 22-21 【영어 25문】 ①책형【문24】Argentina에 관한 다음 글의 내용과 가장 일치하지 않는 것은? Argentina is the world’s eighth largest country, comprising almost the entire southern half of South America. Colonization by Spain began in the early 1500s, but in 1816 Jose de San Martin led the movement for Argentine independence. The culture of Argentina has been greatly influenced by the massive European migration in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, primarily from Spain and Italy. The majority of people are at least nominally Catholic, and the country has the largest Jewish population (about 300,000) in South America. From 1880 to 1930, thanks to its agricultural development, Argentina was one of the world’s top ten wealthiest nations. ① Jose de San Martin이 스페인으로부터의 독립운동을 이끌었다. ② 북미 출신 이주민들이 그 문화에 많은 영향을 끼쳤다. ③ 남미지역 중에서 가장 많은 유대인들이 살고 있는 곳이다. ④ 농업의 발전으로 한때 부유한 국가였다. 【문25】Sonja Henie에 관한 다음 글의 내용과 가장 일치하지 않는 것은? Sonja Henie is famous for her skill into a career as one of the world's most famous figure skaters—in the rink and on the screen. Henie, winner of three Olympic gold medals and a Norwegian and European champion, invented a thrillingly theatrical and athletic style of figure skating. She introduced short skirts, white skates, and attractive moves. Her spectacular spins and jumps raised the bar for all competitors. In 1936, Twentieth-Century Fox signed her to star in One in a Million, and she soon became one of Hollywood's leading actresses. In 1941, the movie ‘Sun Valley Serenade’ received three Academy Award nominations which she played as an actress. Although the rest of Henie's films were less acclaimed, she triggered a popular surge in ice skating. In 1938, she launched extravagant touring shows called Hollywood Ice Revues. Her many ventures made her a fortune, but her greatest legacy was inspiring little girls to skate. ① 피겨 스케이터와 영화배우로서의 업적으로 유명하다. ② 올림픽과 다른 대회들에서 좋은 성적을 거두었다. ③ 출연한 영화가 1941년에 영화제에서 3개 부문에 수상했다. ④ 어린 여자아이들에게 스케이트에 대한 영감을 주었다. 1교시 ①책형 전체 22-22